Osteitis in Early Syphilis

Squires, John Brainard; Weiner, Alfred L.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1939.01480230040005

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Again, it seems appropriate to invoke Ortner's reminder that dogs can have both ticks and fleas. [39] and [19] attributed acute gummatous osteomyelitis to transfusion syphilis, noting that osteolytic skull lesions healed completely under anti-syphilitic therapy. [5] assumed that lesions were related to syphilis, but noted that their findings were indistinguishable from non-treponemal osteomyelitis.…”

Section: Was Presence Of Syphilis In An Individual From a Highly Infe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021

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Background: Given disparate suggestions as to the origin and geographic distribution of syphilis, it seemed appropriate to examine the premises for the speculations that have been suggested for its recognition. Those premises that were pathognomonic (definitively diagnostic) are identified as such on the basis of precise definitions. It was hypothesized that the more observations differ from the original reports that establish definitive criteria, the greater the likelihood of diagnostic uncertainty. It was hypothesized that Hackett's attribution of various skull changes to syphilis strayed from Virchow's original description, was purely speculative in nature and had not been subjected to independent scientific scrutiny.Methods: New populations with clinically diagnosed syphilis were therefore examined to assess the presence of caries sicca as originally defined and for those which were claimed to be stages of the spectrum of that phenomenon. Museum collections were also examined for presence of the specimens illustrating both varieties.Results: Caries sicca, as originally defined by Virchow, was identified individuals from populations diagnosed in life with syphilis. Other forms attributed as "stages" of caries sicca were not found in that group. Museum collections with such "stages" lacked examples of caries sicca as originally defined.Discussion: Epidemiologic co-occurrence of Virchow's caries sicca and "more advanced cases" was not demonstrated (Fisher exact test, p < 0.00001). It was suggested that clarity, as to the origin and geographic distribution of syphilis through time, would result from extirpation of studies which failed to utilize the above-delineated criteria as originally vetted.

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Section: Was Presence Of Syphilis In An Individual From a Highly Infe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2021

JAAS

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“…Different studies have noted that by the tertiary stage (where the majority of bone lesions develop; however, skeletal alterations have been observed in the secondary stage as well (e.g., Bauer and Caravati, 1967;Ehrlich and Kricun, 1976;Gomez Martinez et al, 2003;Gurland et al, 2001;Jaffe, 1972;Newman and Saunders, 1938;Ollé-Goig et al, 1988;Reynolds and Wasserman, 1942;Shore et al, 1977;Squires and Weiner, 1939;Thompson and Preston, 1952;Waugh, 1976;Wile and Sinear, 1916;Wile and Welton, 1940), individuals are no longer considered infectious because the number of spirochetes has decreased dramatically (Knox et al, 1976). Many researchers believe that the observed bone lesions are actually a hyper-allergenic response (delayed hypersensitivity) (Metzger, 1976;Schell and Musher, 1983;Smith, 1976;Musher and Baughn, 1998) possibly due to the degraded remnants of the bacteria at that particular site (Jaffe, 1972;Resnick and Niwayama, 1995) or to treponemal antigens (Salazar et al, 2002).…”

Section: Treponemal Dna Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digging deeper into the limits of ancient DNA research on syphilis

Hunnius

Yang

Eng

et al. 2007

Journal of Archaeological Science

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“…Newman and Saunders (1938) described multiple osteolytic areas in the skull and in a number of the long bones, in a case of secondary syphilis. Squires and Weiner (1939) described a similar case and suggested that more such cases would come to light if the skull were always x-rayed in cases of secondary syphilis. Reynolds and Wasserman (1942) reviewed the literature relating to destructive lesions of bones with radiological changes occurring in the early stages of syphilis, and found that fifteen such cases had been reported.…”

Section: Stages Of Syphilismentioning

confidence: 99%