Osmotic and ionic regulation in marine littoral Collembola

Witteveen, Joeri; Verhoef, H.A.; Letschert, Jonas

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(87)90105-3

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Since pH itself, at least above pH 3, was not responsible for the observed aggregational pattern (this would occur with K as well), then attraction for sodium (and not for potassium) can explain that animals aggregated in compartments richer in sodium, with the exception of the most alkaline compartment (pH 9) where aggregation occurred only once. An attraction to solutions rich in Na is difficult to explain since increased external salinity (NaCl) affects negatively osmotic and ionic concentration of haemolymph (Witteveen et al, 1987), absorption of water by ventral tube vesicles (Eisenbeis, 1982), and fecundity (Barry and Hutson, 1978) of Collembola. However neither the effects of K, which is more abundant than Na far from the sea shore (Seasted and Crossley, 1981), nor the physiological use of K and Na have been studied in Collembola.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ionic identity of pore water influences pH preference in Collembola

Salmon¹,

Ponge²,

Straalen

2002

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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A test system described by Van Straalen and Verhoef (1997) was used in order to check whether the endogeic Collembolan Heteromurus nitidus was repelled by acid pH. In each of eight experimental runs sixteen naive animals were allowed to select sectors in a circular pH gradient made of pure quartz sand impregnated with McIlvaine's buffer solutions at constant osmolarity. Disodium or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate was mixed with citric acid in varying proportions, giving rise to acidity levels ranging from pH 2 to pH 9. The animals reacted quite differently according to whether Na or K was used as the metallic cation. With potassium, a strong variation was observed from one experimental box to another, H. nitidus aggregating at pH levels varying from 4 to 8, the most frequent aggregation being observed at pH 6. With sodium, aggregation occurred over a more restricted range, from pH 7 to pH 9, most frequent aggregation being at pH 8. It was concluded that the most acidic pH range (2-3) was avoided by the animals and that the chemical composition of buffer solutions strongly influenced results of pH-preference tests. If we consider that i) the absence of H. nitidus from acid soils (pH 5 to 3.5) can be explained by biological rather than by chemical effects, ii) this species can be cultured in acid as well as alkaline soils in the absence of predators, it ensures that potassium gives results that are more representative of the distribution of H. nitidus according to soil acidity than sodium.

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confidence: 99%

Ionic identity of pore water influences pH preference in Collembola

Salmon¹,

Ponge²,

Straalen

2002

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…Asparagine and alanine can be synthesised intensively in organisms in response to salt stress (Witteveen et al 1987). Alanine represents a common feature in several salt-exposed organisms (Patrick & Bradley 2000;Renault et al 2014), including spiders (Foucreau et al 2012).…”

Section: Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salt marshes are located between land and marine systems, and their habitats are subjected to regular tides (leading to submergence approximately once per month), which, through their duration, frequency and seasonality, produce variations in soil salinity. In these intertidal environments, species adapted to seawater have to counteract problems of ionic regulation if salt load declines, whereas terrestrial species have to deal with an osmotic loss in body water content and an increase in sodium chloride concentration when salt load increases (Witteveen et al 1987). Together with the duration of the submersion, all of these parameters drive community structure and diversity (Döbel et al 1990) as they impact on many physiological functions of salt-marsh fauna (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic exposure to soil salinity in terrestrial species: Does plasticity and underlying physiology differ among specialized ground-dwelling spiders?

Renault

Puzin

Foucreau

et al. 2016

Journal of Insect Physiology

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In salt marshes, the alternation of low and high tides entails rapid shifts of submersion and aerial exposure for terrestrial communities. In these intertidal environments, terrestrial species have to deal with an osmotic loss in body water content and an increase in sodium chloride concentration when salt load increases. In salt marshes, spiders represent an abundant arthropod group, whose physiological ecology in response to variations of soil salinity must be further investigated. In this study, we compared the effect of salinity on the survival and physiology of three species of Lycosidae; two salt marsh species (Arctosa fulvolineata and Pardosa purbeckensis) and one forest species (P. saltans). Spiders were individually exposed at three salinity conditions (0‰, 35‰ and 70‰) and survival, changes in body water content, hemolymph ions (Na(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+); ICP-MS technique) and metabolites (mainly amino acids, polyols, sugars; LC and GC techniques) were assessed. The survival of the forest species P. saltans was very quickly hampered at moderate and high salinities. In this spider, variations of hemolymph ions and metabolites revealed a quick loss of physiological homeostasis and a rapid salt-induced dehydration of the specimens. Conversely, high survival durations were measured in the two salt-marsh spiders, and more particularly in A. fulvolineata. In both P. purbeckensis and A. fulvolineata, the proportion of Na(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), K(+) remained constant at the three experimental conditions. Accumulation of hemolymph Na(+) and amino acids (mainly glutamine and proline) demonstrated stronger osmoregulatory capacities in these salt-marsh resident spiders. To conclude, even if phylogenetically close (belonging to the same, monophyletic, family), we found different physiological capacities to cope with salt load among the three tested spider species. Nevertheless, physiological responses to salinity were highly consistent with the realized ecological niches of the spiders.

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“…Witteveen et al (1987) showed that FAAs are strongly upregulated in Anurida maritima during saline inundation of its littoral habitat. Further, P. tricampata subjected to drought accumulated alanine and proline during increasing drought stress, and these compatible osmolytes increased from about 20 to more than 300 µmol g -1 dry weight (combined) when the drought intensity was highest (Holmstrup and Bayley, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%