ORWARE—a simulation tool for waste management

Eriksson, Ola; Frostell, Björn; Björklund, Anna; Assefa, Getachew; Sundqvist, Jan‐Olov; Granath, J.; Carlsson, M.; Baky, Andras; Thyselius, Lennart

doi:10.1016/s0921-3449(02)00031-9

Cited by 102 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…[14]). Initially, the model focused on environmental impact and energy turnover of handling organic (biodegradable) wastes, hence the acronym ORWARE (ORganic WAste REsearch).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ORWARE: an aid to environmental technology chain assessment

Assefa

Björklund

Eriksson

et al. 2005

Journal of Cleaner Production

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This article discusses the ORWARE tool, a model originally developed for environmental systems analysis of waste management systems, and shows its prospect as a tool for environmental technology chain assessment. Different concepts of technology assessment are presented to put ORWARE into context in the discussion that has been going for more than two decades since the establishment of the US Congressional Office of Technology Assessment (OTA). An even-handed assessment is important in different ways such as reproducibility, reliability, credibility, etc. Conventional technology assessment (TA) relied on the judgements and intuition of the assessors. A computer-based tool such as ORWARE provides a basis for transparency and a structured management of input and output data that cover ecological and economic parameters. This permits consistent and coherent technology assessments. Using quantitative analysis as in ORWARE makes comparison and addition of values across chain of technologies easier. We illustrate the application of the model in environmental technology chain assessment through a study of alternative technical systems linking waste management to vehicle fuel production and use. The principles of material and substance flow modelling, life cycle perspective, and graphical modelling featured in ORWARE offer a generic structure for environmentally focused TA of chains and networks of technical processes. #

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“…[14]). Initially, the model focused on environmental impact and energy turnover of handling organic (biodegradable) wastes, hence the acronym ORWARE (ORganic WAste REsearch).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ORWARE: an aid to environmental technology chain assessment

Assefa

Björklund

Eriksson

et al. 2005

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…The waste categories included are based on European statistics and are further described in Ljunggren Söderman et al [19]. The composition of most waste fractions is modeled using ORWARE model [27] (for more detail see Supplementary Materials S1). The collection systems and possible treatment technologies for each waste fraction are described in Appendix B. SWEA's scope in terms of waste categories and treatment options was harmonized with the setup in NatWaste.…”

Section: Swea Model-scope and General Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some key parameters have been changed in order to reflect sludge combustion. These data have been taken from a research plant at Chalmers in Gothenburg, Sweden [27].…”

Section: Appendix B Overview Of Materials Fractions and Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Assessment of Possible Future Waste Management Scenarios

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Waste management has developed in many countries and will continue to do so. Changes towards increased recovery of resources in order to meet climate targets and for society to transition to a circular economy are important driving forces. Scenarios are important tools for planning and assessing possible future developments and policies. This paper presents a comprehensive life cycle assessment (LCA) model for environmental assessments of scenarios and waste management policy instruments. It is unique by including almost all waste flows in a country and also allow for including waste prevention. The results show that the environmental impacts from future waste management scenarios in Sweden can differ a lot. Waste management will continue to contribute with environmental benefits, but less so in the more sustainable future scenarios, since the surrounding energy and transportation systems will be less polluting and also because less waste will be produced. Valuation results indicate that climate change, human toxicity and resource depletion are the most important environmental impact categories for the Swedish waste management system. Emissions of fossil CO 2 from waste incineration will continue to be a major source of environmental impacts in these scenarios. The model is used for analyzing environmental impacts of several policy instruments including weight based collection fee, incineration tax, a resource tax and inclusion of waste in a green electricity certification system. The effect of the studied policy instruments in isolation are in most cases limited, suggesting that stronger policy instruments as well as combinations are necessary to reach policy goals as set out in for example the EU action plan on circular economy.

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“…The ISWM-DST tracks 30 air-and water-borne pollutants and optimizes on seven air pollutants (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , NO x , SO x , PM, and greenhouse gas equivalents [GHEs]), cost, and energy consumption. Recently, the capability to consider the effect of uncertain input parameters on model outputs was incorporated (20), which enables a post-optimization uncertainty analysis to be conducted.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While numerous models have been described (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), and several case studies have been conducted in Europe (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), the number of case studies applying SWM planning models in the United States is limited (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Life-Cycle Analysis To Support Solid Waste Management Planning for Delaware

Kaplan

Ranjithan

Barlaz

2009

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Mathematical models of integrated solid waste management (SWM) are useful planning tools given the complexity of the solid waste system and the interactions among the numerous components that constitute the system. An optimization model was used in this study to identify and evaluate alternative plans for integrated SWM for the State of Delaware in consideration of cost and environmental performance, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The three counties in Delaware were modeled individually to identify efficient SWM plans in consideration of constraints on cost, landfill diversion requirements, GHG emissions, and the availability of alternate treatment processes (e.g., recycling, composting, and combustion). The results show that implementing a landfill diversion strategy (e.g., curbside recycling) for only a portion of the population is most cost-effective for meeting a countyspecific landfill diversion target. Implementation of waste-toenergy offers the most cost-effective opportunity for GHG emissions reductions.

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ORWARE—a simulation tool for waste management

Cited by 102 publications

References 6 publications

ORWARE: an aid to environmental technology chain assessment

ORWARE: an aid to environmental technology chain assessment

Environmental Assessment of Possible Future Waste Management Scenarios

Use of Life-Cycle Analysis To Support Solid Waste Management Planning for Delaware

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