Ortho-Phthalaldehyde Causing Facial Stains After Cystoscopy

Abdulla, Farah

doi:10.1001/archderm.143.5.670-a

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In a study investigating adverse health effects in 70 healthcare workers in hospital endoscopy units using o-phthalaldehyde, 17 workers were diagnosed with contact dermatitis, occupational asthma, or eye irritation 34 . A urology resident developed facial discoloration after a cystoscopy performed using o-phthalaldehyde-disinfected instruments 35 . In contrast to these reports, the Health Hazard Evaluation Program run by the CDC and NIOSH did not find any significant evidence of skin irritation, skin discoloration, or symptoms of unusual shortness of breath in 74 o-phthalaldehyde-exposed workers when evaluated postshift for symptoms and compared to the non-o-phthalaldehyde exposed group of workers 16 .…”

Section: Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

NTP Technical Report on the Toxicity Studies of o-Phthalaldehyde (CASRN 643-79-8) Administered by Inhalation to Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) Rats and B6C3F1/N Mice

2018

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Section: Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

NTP Technical Report on the Toxicity Studies of o-Phthalaldehyde (CASRN 643-79-8) Administered by Inhalation to Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) Rats and B6C3F1/N Mice

2018

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“…As these disinfectants are frequently used during endoscopic procedures, there have been reports on the adverse effects of their residues, especially with OPA, since it causes discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, irritation, anaphylaxis and other allergic reactions Abdulla and Adams, 2007;Arrandale et al, 2012;Cooper et al, 2008;Miyajima et al, 2010;Suzukawa et al, 2007;Venticinque et al, 2003 . These …”

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confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity Assessment of Residual High-Level Disinfectants

Ryu¹,

Kobayashi²,

Kawamukai³

et al. 2013

Biocontrol Sci.

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Some studies show the uptake of disinfectants on medical devices but no studies on their cytotoxicity have been reported. This study aimed to assess that cytotoxicity in a 3-dimensional culture system using HeLa cells grown in matrices composed of collagen. Plastic materials were soaked in the use solutions of the widely used high-level disinfectants, glutaraldehyde (GA), ortho-phthalaldehyde OPA and peracetic acid PAA . After being rinsed, they were allowed to dry and were embedded into the cell medium to investigate the cytotoxicity of the residual disinfectants. Cytotoxicity was observed with the polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and silicon tubes soaked in GA and OPA, indicating that both disinfectants were absorbed in the test pieces, whereas for PAA, none was observed. As for the polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE tubes, no disinfectant displayed cytotoxicity. GA and OPA are primary irritants, having a potential to cause anaphylaxis and other forms of allergic reactions. There should be consideration not only about the toxicity of the residual disinfectant from poor rinsing, but also about the toxicity that would result from the disinfectants that were absorbed and consequently released from the medical devices or materials.

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Acute inflammation and immunoresponses induced by ortho-phthalaldehyde in mice

et al. 2010

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ortho-Phthalaldehyde (OPA) has been used as a safe alternative disinfectant instead of glutaraldehyde; however, recently some adverse effects of OPA were reported in patients and medical professions. We examined the acute toxicity of OPA in male ICR mice injected with 0.125-0.5% OPA and killed some animals 1 day after a single OPA injection, and others 1 or 13 days after two OPA injections 5 days apart. Hematology, blood cell counts, specific antibody production, organ weights, hepatic enzymes, hepatic histopathology and gene expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) mRNA in liver were examined. Single OPA injections elevated leukocyte counts, the proportion of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Two OPA injections dose-dependently increased leukocyte counts, the proportion of neutrophils, ALT and AST, and decreased alkaline phosphatase. Leukocyte counts and proportions of neutrophils normalized 13 days after the second of two injections. However, both ALT and AST remained high in mice given higher OPA doses. Significant increased liver-to-body weight ratio and mild hepatic lesions were observed. Gene expression of CYP1a1 and CYP2e1 revealed a tendency of up-regulation 1 day after two OPA injections. However, expression of these genes was then down-regulated 13 days after OPA injections. OPA induced specific IgE and IgG significantly in the sera, suggesting that OPA acts as a hapten. Overall, OPA caused acute inflammation and acted as a haptenic allergen, although it caused only mild liver injury. Such evidence suggested that careful washing and prevention of exposure were needed after OPA disinfection of medical instruments.

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Ortho-Phthalaldehyde Causing Facial Stains After Cystoscopy

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

NTP Technical Report on the Toxicity Studies of o-Phthalaldehyde (CASRN 643-79-8) Administered by Inhalation to Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) Rats and B6C3F1/N Mice

NTP Technical Report on the Toxicity Studies of o-Phthalaldehyde (CASRN 643-79-8) Administered by Inhalation to Sprague Dawley (Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD) Rats and B6C3F1/N Mice

Cytotoxicity Assessment of Residual High-Level Disinfectants

Acute inflammation and immunoresponses induced by ortho-phthalaldehyde in mice

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