ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Medical and surgical management of reproductive neoplasia in two western lowland gorillas (<i>Gorilla gorilla gorilla</i>)

Stringer, Elizabeth M.; Voe, Ryan S. De; Valea, Fidel A.; Toma, Sameh K.; Mulvaney, Gerald; Pruitt, Amy M.; Troan, Brigid V.; Loomis, Michael R.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2010.00414.x

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Uterine leiomyomata have been documented in several primate species and include Old World monkeys, New World monkeys, apes, and Prosimians [Cianciolo et al , 2007; Cook et al , 2004; Kaspareit et al , 2007; Long et al , 2010; Remick et al , 2009; Rodríguez et al , 2009; Seibold & Wolf, 1973; Stringer et al ., 2010; Wilkinson et al , 2008]. Leiomyomata have also been sporadically reported as occurring in chimpanzees [Brown et al , 2009; Seibold & Wolf, 1973; Silva et al , 2006; Toft & MacKenzie, 1975; Young et al , 1996].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uterine leiomyomata have previously been reported in captive chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) [Brown et al ., 2009; Seibold & Wolf, 1973; Silva et al ., 2006; Toft & MacKenzie, 1975; Young et al , 1996] and other non-human primates [Cianciolo et al , 2007; Cook et al , 2004; Kaspareit et al , 2007; Long et al , 2010; Remick et al ., 2009; Rodríguez et al , 2009; Seibold & Wolf, 1973; Stringer et al , 2010; Wilkinson et al , 2008]; however prevalence rates and treatment regimens have not been widely reported. There are no published reports of uterine leiomyomata in wild chimpanzees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnosis and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata in female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Videan

Satterfield²,

Buchl³

et al. 2011

American J Primatol

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Uterine leiomyomata are common, affecting 70–80% of women between 30 and 50 years of age. Leiomyomata have been reported for a variety of primate species, although prevalence rates and treatments have not been widely reported. The prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment of uterine leiomyomata in the Alamogordo Primate Facility and the Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research were examined. Uterine leiomyomata were diagnosed in 28.4% of chimpanzees with an average age at diagnosis of 30.4±8.0 years. Advanced age (>30 years) was related to an increase in leiomyomata and use of hormonal contraception was related to a decrease in leiomyomata. As the captive chimpanzee population ages, the incidence of leiomyomata among female chimpanzees will likely increase. The introduction of progesterone-based contraception for non-breeding research and zoological chimpanzees may reduce the development of leiomyomata. Finally, all chimpanzee facilities should institute aggressive screening programs and carefully consider treatment plans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata in female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Videan

Satterfield²,

Buchl³

et al. 2011

American J Primatol

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“…40 However, there are reports in the literature of cervical, uterine, and ovarian adenocarcinomas in captive lowland gorillas. 122,191,242 Affected individuals were 35, 36, 39, and 50 yo. A 46 yo western lowland gorilla had a uterine leiomyosarcoma causing urine stasis, pyelonephritis, and fatal sepsis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparative Pathology of Aging Great Apes

2015

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The great apes (chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans) are our closest relatives. Despite the many similarities, there are significant differences in aging among apes, including the human ape. Common to all are dental attrition, periodontitis, tooth loss, osteopenia, and arthritis, although gout is uniquely human and spondyloarthropathy is more prevalent in apes than humans. Humans are more prone to frailty, sarcopenia, osteoporosis, longevity past reproductive senescence, loss of brain volume, and Alzheimer dementia. Cerebral vascular disease occurs in both humans and apes. Cardiovascular disease mortality increases in aging humans and apes, but coronary atherosclerosis is the most significant type in humans. In captive apes, idiopathic myocardial fibrosis and cardiomyopathy predominate, with arteriosclerosis of intramural coronary arteries. Similar cardiac lesions are occasionally seen in wild apes. Vascular changes in heart and kidneys and aortic dissections in gorillas and bonobos suggest that hypertension may be involved in pathogenesis. Chronic kidney disease is common in elderly humans and some aging apes and is linked with cardiovascular disease in orangutans. Neoplasms common to aging humans and apes include uterine leiomyomas in chimpanzees, but other tumors of elderly humans, such as breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancers, are uncommon in apes. Among the apes, chimpanzees have been best studied in laboratory settings, and more comparative research is needed into the pathology of geriatric zoo-housed and wild apes. Increasing longevity of humans and apes makes understanding aging processes and diseases imperative for optimizing quality of life in all the ape species.

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“…High dose progestin only oral contraceptives have been used as palliative treatment for endometrial adenocarcinoma in gorillas (Moresco & Agnew, Unpub. Data (Stringer et al, 2010)). As mentioned in Section 2.2, Platyrrhini have high concentrations of endogenous steroids (Coe et al, 1992) and for this reason, they need higher doses of contraceptive steroids than AEM (Reproductive‐Management‐Center, 2021) to be effectively contracepted.…”

Section: Contraceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive one health in primates

Moresco¹,

Feltrer‐Rambaud²,

Wolfman

et al. 2021

American J Primatol

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One Health is a collaborative trans‐disciplinary approach to health; integrating human, animal, and environmental health. The focus is often on infection disease transmission and disease risk mitigation. However, One Health also includes the multidisciplinary and comparative approach to disease investigation and health of humans, animals, and the environment. One key aspect of environmental/ecosystem health is conservation, the maintenance of healthy, actively reproducing wildlife populations. Reproduction and reproductive health are an integral part of the One Health approach: the comparative aspects of reproduction can inform conservation policies or breeding strategies (in situ and ex situ) in addition to physiology and disease. Differences in reproductive strategies affect the impact poaching and habitat disruption might have on a given population, as well as ex situ breeding programs and the management of zoo and sanctuary populations. Much is known about chimpanzees, macaques, and marmosets as these are common animal models, but there is much that remains unknown regarding reproduction in many other primates. Examining the similarities and differences between and within taxonomic groups allows reasonable extrapolation for decision‐making when there are knowledge gaps. For example: (1) knowing that a species has very low reproductive rates adds urgency to conservation policy for that region or species; (2) identifying species with short or absent lactation anestrus allows ex situ institutions to better plan contraception options for specific individuals or prepare for the immediate next pregnancy; (3) recognizing that progestin contraceptives are effective contraceptives, but may be associated with endometrial hyperplasia in some species (in Lemuridae but not great apes) better guides empirical contraceptive choice; (4) recognizing the variable endometriosis prevalence across taxa improves preventive medicine programs. A summary of anatomical variation, endocrinology, contraception, pathology, and diagnostics is provided to illustrate these features and aid in routine physical and postmortem examinations as well as primate management.

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Medical and surgical management of reproductive neoplasia in two western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)

Abstract: The following report describes the diagnosis and management of the two cases.

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Diagnosis and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata in female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Diagnosis and prevalence of uterine leiomyomata in female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

Comparative Pathology of Aging Great Apes

Reproductive one health in primates

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