Origin, Evolution and Speciation of Birds Specialized to Mangroves in Australia

Ford, Julian

doi:10.1071/mu9820012

Cited by 38 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Besides being an important factor in contributing to the increase in species richness and diversity, habitat structure is also an important determinant influencing habitat selection and distribution of species, especially in complex habitats such as tropical forest (Watson et al 2004). Habitat heterogeneity in mangrove is less pronounced and may limit the number of coexisting species (Ford 1982). …”

Section: Mangrove Rehabilitation In Karangsong Indramayumentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia

Gunawan¹,

Sugiarti²,

Iskandar³

2017

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Gunawan H, Sugiarti, Iskandar S. 2017. Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java,. Mangrove along the north coast of Java is heavily degraded due to the conversion of land into fish ponds and human settlement areas. A revegetation program has been initiated by the local community of Karangsong Village, Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia, supported by PT. Pertamina RU VI Indramayu. Our research aimed to study the population dynamics of the mangrove revegetation in Karangsong. Secondary data was collected from the Fishery and Maritime Services of Indramayu and PT. Pertamina. We carried out on-location field observations and we interviewed key respondents. Data was analyzed to describe trends in the diversity index and population dynamics of the mangrove. It was observed that the revegetation effort in the shoreline of Karangsong had covered ± 69.08 hectares which consisting of six species of mangrove and three tree species of coastal vegetation i.e. Rhizophora mucronata Lam., Rhizophora stylosa Griff., Rhizophora apiculata Blume, Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Avicennia alba Blume, Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl, Terminalia catappa L., Casuarina equisetifolia L., and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The mangrove population increased dramatically, from estimated 25,000 individuals in 2008 to 690,835 individuals in 2016. Rhizophora mucronata was the most dominant species (68.85%), followed by Rhizophora stylosa (18.33%) and Rhizophora apiculata (9.53%). The Shannon diversity index was fluctuated but tend to be increased from 0.80 to 0.95.

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Section: Mangrove Rehabilitation In Karangsong Indramayumentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia

Gunawan¹,

Sugiarti²,

Iskandar³

2017

Biodiversitas

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“…In most habitats, habitat heterogeneity is expected to increase with patch size as larger patches will contain a greater diversity of microhabitats [11,12]. In structurally simple habitats like mangroves, habitat heterogeneity is less pronounced and may limit the number of coexisting species in mangroves [13]. Many studies have shown that habitats with greater structural complexity support greater bird diversity [14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Habitat Heterogeneity in Structuring Mangrove Bird Assemblages

Noske

Lawes

2015

Diversity

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Mangrove habitats are under severe land use pressure throughout the world and Australia is no exception. Here we describe the heterogeneity of mangrove habitat and its relationship with mangrove bird diversity. We examined the role of mangrove habitat complexity in determining the richness of avian mangrove dependent species (MDS) and interior species, overall bird species richness and density. High species richness (overall and MDS) and density in the mangroves was associated with plant species richness, the density of the understory and food resource distribution. Furthermore, habitat heterogeneity rather than patch area per se was a more important predictor of species richness in the mangroves. These findings stress the importance of habitat diversity and quality to the diversity and density of birds in mangroves. Thus, habitat heterogeneity within mangroves is a crucial patch characteristic, independent of mangrove patch size, for maintaining diverse avian species assemblages.

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“…In the Kimberley and Top End of the Northern Territory, mangroves support vertebrates more typically associated with the rainforests of northeastern Queensland (Bowman et al 2010), including distinct species and sub-species (specifically among the birds and bats) that appear to be more dependent on mangroves than their eastern equivalents (Ford 1982;Johnstone 1990;McKenzie et al 1991;Eldridge et al 2011). In north-western Australia, closed-forest mangrove communities are believed to have acted as historical refugia for rainforest fauna when the rainforests contracted as a result of aridifi cation during the last glacial maximum of the Pleistocene (Nix and Kalma 1972;Barlow and Hyland 1988;McKenzie et al 1991).…”

Section: Other Conservation Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeographic patterns on Kimberley islands, Western Australia

Gibson¹

2014

Rec West Aust Mus Sup

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-Australia's islands play a signifi cant role in the conservation of its biota. The near-pristine islands along the Kimberley coast of north-western Australia are important natural refuges that have been relatively isolated from many of the threatening processes affecting the adjacent mainland. Between 2007 and 2010, 24 of the largest of these islands were surveyed for non-volant mammals, reptiles, birds, frogs, bats, land snails and vascular plants. To facilitate the setting of conservation priorities, I examined congruence in the biogeographic patterns among these taxonomic groups and related those to island-wide attributes. A high level of congruence in both spatial patterns of species richness and community similarity across most of the taxonomic groups was found. Congruence in species richness was best explained by a strong relationship with island area; while congruence in community similarity was infl uenced by the dispersal ability of taxa. Average annual rainfall and the extent of rock scree (or ruggedness) on an island were also strong correlates of both spatial patterns in community similarity and richness of regional endemics. I also show that this pattern was not explained by richness differences of species between islands alone, but largely due to species replacement among islands. These patterns refl ect the greater diversity of regional endemic species and/or habitat specialists that are restricted to the relatively high rainfall and extensively rocky islands; whereas the drier islands typically support widespread generalists that have distributions that extend into the semi-arid and arid zones. In terms of conservation signifi cance, the largest islands in the most mesic section of the coast are important for their high species diversity, including regional endemics. However, the lower rainfall islands support unique assemblages, and some are also important for their threatened mammal species. The high level of island endemism of the camaenid land snails indicates that all the islands sampled are important in terms of representing their diversity. The results of the survey also support the hypothesis that these islands are microcosms of the adjacent Northern Kimberley mainland with 74% of mammal, 59% of reptile, 70% of frog, 69% of bird and 49% of plant species of the Northern Kimberley bioregion now known on the islands sampled. Future management of the islands requires strategies that minimise the risk of incursions by exotic species and appropriate fi re regimes to preserve habitat quality.

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Origin, Evolution and Speciation of Birds Specialized to Mangroves in Australia

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia

Dynamics of mangrove community in revegetation area of Karangsong, north coast of Indramayu District, West Java, Indonesia

The Role of Habitat Heterogeneity in Structuring Mangrove Bird Assemblages

Biogeographic patterns on Kimberley islands, Western Australia

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