Orientational Transition of Liquid Crystal Molecules by a Photoinduced Transformation Process into a Recovery‐free Silicon Oxide Layer

Vertically aligned liquid crystals on a γ-Al2O3 alignment film using ion-beam irradiation

“…In other words, before IB irradiation on ␥-Al 2 O 3 films, the strong van der Waals interactions, which are more effective than weak interaction of LC molecules, between the ␥-Al 2 O 3 films and LC molecules induce a random alignment. 15 When the IB is irradiated, Al-O bond breaking interacts with the benzene ring of the LC, then we can achieve the vertical alignment. 7 Figure 5 shows the EO characteristics of a VA-LCD produced by IB-irradiated PI on a ␥-Al 2 O 3 surface.…”

Molecular reorientation of polyimide film induced by thermal nanoimprint lithography and liquid crystals alignment on it

“…Besides rubbing method, the other novel methods have been widely studied to fabricate microgrooves, such as photolithography [8,9], soft embossing [10,11], surface modification [12,13] and nanoimprint lithography (NIL) [14,15]. Molecular orientation of the alignment layer induced by these novel methods has been reported [8e16].…”

Materials Stabilized Liquid Crystal Molecules on Chemically Modulated Polystyrene Surface Using Various Ion Beam Exposure Time

“…Organic and inorganic LC alignment layers have been widely studied by several groups [3][4][5][6]. Although inorganic LC alignment layers have garnered wide attention [4,5], the study of organic materials for LC alignment layers such as polyimide (PI) and polystyrene (PS) should also be allotted attention because of the ease in coating organic materials on glass substrates. Moreover, with the many disadvantages associated with mechanical rubbing, a noncontact LC alignment method has become the most promising substitute for the conventional method [3-x].…”

“…A rubbed polymer surface includes debris left by cloth, and the generation of electrostatic charges during rubbing induces local defects, streaks, and a grating-like wavy surface due to nonuniform microgrooves that degrade the display resolution. Non-contact alternatives, including ultraviolet (UV) exposure [4,7,8], ion beam (IB) bombardment [3,5,6], and nanoimprinting lithography [9], have been reported. Of these, the UV alignment method exhibits advantages of being a clean process, and having large-scale manufacturing and multidomain capabilities; although UV stability, low anchoring energy, and alignment materials must be considered carefully.…”