Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoning

King, Andrew; Aaron, Cynthia K.

doi:10.1016/j.emc.2014.09.010

Cited by 231 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…They are used as insecticides and nerve agents. [3] Symptoms include increased saliva and tear production, small pupils, diarrhoea, vomiting, sweating, muscle tremors, and confusion. [4] While onset of symptoms is often rapid they can take up to 12 hours to appear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report on Op Poisoning During Pregnancy

Parveen¹

2017

WJPR

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Organophosphorus compounds are highly effective insecticides, though some are also lethal to humans at minute exposure. A case of organophosphate poisoning is presented in which a pregnant women consumed organophosphorus compound and treated with antidotes and other drugs. Mean while we found adverse drug reaction for a drug T.Escitalopram 10mg, BD. We reported it to the health care professionals and the same was focused in this case. The suspected ADR was Probable ADR (Naranjo's scale). After doing intervention the patient was recovered and discharged safely.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report on Op Poisoning During Pregnancy

Parveen¹

2017

WJPR

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“…Los inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa actúan principalmente bloqueando la degradación de la acetilcolina (1,2) . Entre estos inhibidores se incluye a los organofosforados, los carbamatos y los agentes nerviosos, utilizados estos últi-mos con fines bélicos (1) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Manejo actual de las intoxicaciones agudas por inhibidores de la colinesterasa: conceptos erróneos y necesidad de guías peruanas actualizadas

Loza

2016

An Fac med

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ResumenEn el mundo existen millones de casos de intoxicaciones por inhibidores de la colinesterasa y miles de muertes por estas sustancias. Nuestro país no es escenario diferente. Actualmente se sigue estudiando cuáles son los regímenes más útiles y se debate algunas medidas de manejo hasta ahora muy utilizadas. La tendencia actual apunta a un tratamiento agresivo en vista que son muy raros los casos de eventos adversos severos que ponen en riesgo la vida producto del uso de fármacos como la atropina. En el Perú no hay investigación activa al respecto y solo se cuenta con una guía de manejo de intoxicaciones por organofosforados y carbamatos en niños elaborada por el Ministerio de Salud en el año 2005. Urge actualizar esta guía, ya que contiene conceptos que han cambiado en algunos casos de forma radical. El propósito de esta revisión es exponer brevemente la información actualizada más relevante sobre el manejo de estas intoxicaciones y finalmente sugerir recomendaciones para hacer modificaciones en la guía mencionada y a su vez hacer un llamado a las autoridades del Ministerio de Salud peruano para el desarrollo de una guía en adultos. Palabras clave. Compuestos Organofosforados; Carbamatos; Colinesterasa; Envenenamiento por Organofosforados; Atropina; Compuestos de Pralidoxima; Pesticidas. Abstract Millions of cases of cholinesterase inhibitors poisonings occur in the world and thousands of deaths by these substances are reported. Our country is not different scenario. The most useful treatment regimen is currently under research and some extensively used measures are on debate. The current trend is aggressive treatment as severe life-threatening adverse effects by drugs like atropine are very rare. In Peru there is no active research on this issue and only an organophosphate and carbamate poisoning in children treatment guide by the Ministry of Health in 2005 is available. It is urgent to update these guidelines, since they contain concepts that in some cases have radically changed due to current knowledge. The aim of this review is to briefly expose the most relevant updated information on treatment of these poisonings, to suggest evaluation of the mentioned guidelines, and to call attention of the Peruvian Ministry of Health authorities to develop guidelines for adults.

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“…Carbamates are potent cholinesterase inhibitors as well as organophosphates, although short-lived and of reversible action unlike organophosphates, promoting the increase of cholinergic stimulation by acetylcholine accumulation (neurotransmitter) in the synaptic cleft [6,7]. Usually, in cases of suspected poisoning, routine life support measures-airway establishment, breathing, and cardiac support (ABC)-must be evaluated, and if action is needed it must be started promptly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most observed clinical changes are neurological and cholinergic signs such as sweating, salivation, miosis, bronchial hyper secretion, respiratory failure, bronchospasm, cough, vomiting, mental confusion, and seizures [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Death by chumbinho: aldicarb intoxication—regarding a corpse in decomposition

Durão

Machado²

2016

Int J Legal Med

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Chumbinho is the popular name given to carbamate aldicarb (Temik), an insecticide commonly used in agriculture and highly toxic (LD50 = 0.9 mg/kg oral in rats) that has been sold clandestinely in several regions of Brazil. Chumbinho is sold illegally as raticide and is available in a formulation of small black granules which are easily mixed with food for criminal purposes, its use often being attributed to accidents and suicides, hence the importance of its inclusion in the toxicology studies of suspicious deaths. With the corpse putrefaction, many pathological and toxicological anatomical parameters are damaged or lost. This study emphasizes the importance of the gastric content observation, which in this case has, despite the advanced putrefaction, recognized the presence of chumbinho and guide its toxicological confirmation.

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Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoning

Cited by 231 publications

References 99 publications

A Case Report on Op Poisoning During Pregnancy

A Case Report on Op Poisoning During Pregnancy

Manejo actual de las intoxicaciones agudas por inhibidores de la colinesterasa: conceptos erróneos y necesidad de guías peruanas actualizadas

Death by chumbinho: aldicarb intoxication—regarding a corpse in decomposition

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