Organisation à l'aisselle des feuilles chez les Bryophytes

Berthier, Jean

doi:10.1080/00378941.1970.10838824

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We found rhizoids initiating in all leaf axils beyond a certain distance from the main gametophore apex ( Figure 1A–D ) but branches were present in only a subset of axils ( Figure 1E–P ). In contrast to reports from other species that have identified stereotypical and taxon-specific branch initiation patterns ( Berthier et al, 1965 ; Berthier, 1970 ), we found no regular spacing in the pattern of initiation of Physcomitrella branches. We were unable to detect any evidence of dormancy, suggesting that branch initiation and outgrowth are not distinct developmental processes ( Figure 1A–D ).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Three ancient hormonal cues co-ordinate shoot branching in a moss

Coudert

Pałubicki

Ljung

et al. 2015

eLife

127

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Shoot branching is a primary contributor to plant architecture, evolving independently in flowering plant sporophytes and moss gametophytes. Mechanistic understanding of branching is largely limited to flowering plants such as Arabidopsis, which have a recent evolutionary origin. We show that in gametophytic shoots of Physcomitrella, lateral branches arise by re-specification of epidermal cells into branch initials. A simple model co-ordinating the activity of leafy shoot tips can account for branching patterns, and three known and ancient hormonal regulators of sporophytic branching interact to generate the branching pattern- auxin, cytokinin and strigolactone. The mode of auxin transport required in branch patterning is a key divergence point from known sporophytic pathways. Although PIN-mediated basipetal auxin transport regulates branching patterns in flowering plants, this is not so in Physcomitrella, where bi-directional transport is required to generate realistic branching patterns. Experiments with callose synthesis inhibitors suggest plasmodesmal connectivity as a potential mechanism for transport.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.06808.001

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Three ancient hormonal cues co-ordinate shoot branching in a moss

Coudert

Pałubicki

Ljung

et al. 2015

eLife

127

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“…The ontogeny of leafy bryophyte shoots, including formation of stem, leaves, and branching, has been studied for over a century ( Clap, 1912 ; Berthier, 1970 ; Renzaglia, 1982 ; Mishler and De Luna, 1991 ). Branching patterns reflect ramification characteristics of shoots.…”

Section: Branching Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogeometric Approaches to Non-vascular Plants

Stanton

Reeb

2016

Front. Plant Sci.

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Morphometric analysis of organisms has undergone a dramatic renaissance in recent years, embracing a range of novel computational and imaging techniques to provide new approaches to phenotypic characterization. These innovations have often developed piece-meal, and may reflect the taxonomic specializations and biases of their creators. In this review, we aim to provide a brief introduction to applications and applicability of modern morphometrics to non-vascular land plants, an often overlooked but evolutionarily and ecologically important group. The scale and physiology of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) differ in important and informative ways from more “traditional” model plants, and their inclusion has the potential to powerfully broaden perspectives in plant morphology. In particular we highlight three areas where the “bryophytic perspective” shows considerable inter-disciplinary potential: (i) bryophytes as models for intra-specific and inter-specific phenotypic variation, (ii) bryophyte growth-forms as areas for innovation in architectural modularity, and (iii) bryophytes as models of ecophysiological integration between organs, individuals, and stands. We suggest that advances should come from two-way dialog: the translation and adoption of techniques recently developed for vascular plants (and other organisms) to bryophytes and the use of bryophytes as model systems for the innovation of new techniques and paradigms in morphogeometric approaches.

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“…Mosses are the most species‐rich bryophyte lineage (Magill, ), their phylogenetic relationships are well‐resolved (Shaw et al ., ; Buck et al ., ; Bell et al ., ; Quandt et al ., ; Cox et al ., ; Huttunen et al ., ; Stech et al ., ; Johnson et al ., ) and their overall architecture is well sampled and documented in herbarium specimens (La Farge‐England, ). Furthermore, there are well‐established developmental and genetic resources for the model species Physcomitrella patens (Rensing et al ., ) in which branches initiate by re‐specification of epidermal cells as apical cells, and branch initiation and outgrowth are continuous processes (Berthier, ; Coudert et al ., ). Whilst a hormonal interplay between auxin, cytokinin and strigolactone has been recruited independently to regulate branch initiation patterns, auxin transport occurs via an alternative route to PINs, potentially involving plasmodesmata (Coudert et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple innovations underpinned branching form diversification in mosses

et al. 2017

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Summary Broad‐scale evolutionary comparisons have shown that branching forms arose by convergence in vascular plants and bryophytes, but the trajectory of branching form diversification in bryophytes is unclear. Mosses are the most species‐rich bryophyte lineage and two sub‐groups are circumscribed by alternative reproductive organ placements. In one, reproductive organs form apically, terminating growth of the primary shoot (gametophore) axis. In the other, reproductive organs develop on very short lateral branches. A switch from apical to lateral reproductive organ development is proposed to have primed branching form diversification.Moss gametophores have modular development and each module develops from a single apical cell. Here we define the architectures of 175 mosses by the number of module classes, branching patterns and the pattern in which similar modules repeat. Using ancestral character state reconstruction we identify two stages of architectural diversification.During a first stage there were sequential changes in the module repetition pattern, reproductive organ position, branching pattern and the number of module classes. During a second stage, vegetative changes occurred independently of reproductive fate.The results pinpoint the nature of developmental change priming branching form diversification in mosses and provide a framework for mechanistic studies of architectural diversification.

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Organisation à l'aisselle des feuilles chez les Bryophytes

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Three ancient hormonal cues co-ordinate shoot branching in a moss

Three ancient hormonal cues co-ordinate shoot branching in a moss

Morphogeometric Approaches to Non-vascular Plants

Multiple innovations underpinned branching form diversification in mosses

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