Organic Tribotronic Transistor for Contact‐Electrification‐Gated Light‐Emitting Diode

Abstract

Tribotronics is a new field about the devices fabricated using the electrostatic potential created by contact electrification as a “gate” voltage to tune/control charge carrier transport in semiconductors. In this paper, an organic tribotronic transistor is proposed by coupling an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) in vertical contact‐separation mode. Instead of using the traditional gate voltage for controlling, the charge carrier transportation in the OTFT can be modulated by the contact‐induced electrostatic potential of the TENG. By further coupling with an organic light‐emitting diode, a contact‐electrification‐gated light‐emitting diode (CG‐LED) is fabricated, in which the operating current and light‐emission intensity can be tuned/controlled by an external force–induced contact electrification. Two different modes of the CG‐LED have been demonstrated and the brightness can be decreased and increased by the applied physical contact, respectively. Different from the conventional organic light‐emitting transistor controlled by an electrical signal, the CG‐LED has realized the direct interaction between the external environment/stimuli and the electroluminescence device. By introducing optoelectronics into tribotronics, the CG‐LED has open up a new field of tribophototronics with many potential applications in interactive display, mechanical imaging, micro‐opto‐electro‐mechanical systems, and flexible/touch optoelectronics.

Facilitating Rapid OH−/H2O Transport in Anion Exchange Membranes via Ultra‐Stable Heteroatom‐Free Micropores

“…Water uptake (WU) and volume swelling ratio (VSR) are critical parameters that significantly influence the transport of hydrated ions, largely determined by the microporous characteristics of the material [15] . HFM‐AEM‐1, characterized by its tightly arranged structure with low microporous capacity, exhibited reduced WU and VSR levels of 45.7 % and 30.1 % at 30 °C, respectively.…”

Imidazolium‐based ionic thermoplastic polyurethane with low surface energy and antibacterial activities

“…This leaded to a reduction in the relative molar fraction of the ionic bond and the imidazole ring, thereby weakening the resulting strong ionic bond interaction and hydrogen bond interaction, and making water molecules more likely to penetrate into the Si‐ITPUs. Additionally, the increase in the alkyl chain length of the imidazole ring caused the molecular chain distance of Si‐ITPUs to increase, and the longer alkyl side could act as intermolecular plasticization, making the molecular chain movement easier, ultimately increasing water absorption 44 …”

“…This was because of the fact that longer alkyl chains led to a greater distance between the molecular chains, weakening the intermolecular force between the molecular chains. Additionally, longer side alkyl chains could act as internal plasticization, making the molecular chain more mobile 44 . T gs , on the other hand, was not significantly different, as the flexibility of PDMS was already sufficient, and the change in the alkyl chain length of the imidazolium diol side had little effect on promoting soft segment motion.…”

Networks of High Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Liquid–Solid Interface Contact Electrification for Harvesting Low‐Frequency Blue Energy

“…The network of LS TENG can not only harvest the water wave energy on ocean surface but also the subsurface current, depicted in Figure S6 in the Supporting Information. As the LS TENG can make the most use of the vibration energy and greatly enlarge the outputs, the network of LS TENG could harvest large quantities of energy and have wide applications, e.g., powering the LEDs, preventing the metal corrosion, sensing, and purifying sea water . As shown in Figure S6c in the Supporting Information, there are more rusts on the metal's surface (Q235 carbon steel) without LS TENG's protection than that with protection after immerged in sea water for 4 h …”