Organic matter decomposition under warming climatic conditions

Kowalska, Aneta; Grobelak, Anna

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818032-7.00014-x

Climate Change and Soil Interactions 2020

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818032-7.00014-x

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Organic matter decomposition under warming climatic conditions

Aneta Kowalska

Anna Grobelak

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Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

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Influence of woodchip size and nitrogen fertilization on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended with orchard biomass

Gao,

Hendratna,

Thao

et al. 2024

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Incorporating large amounts of woody biomass into soil, such as in whole orchard recycling (WOR), can promote carbon sequestration, nutrient recycling, and ecosystem health in agricultural fields. Yet uncertainty regarding the effects of WOR on soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics influences management decisions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of woodchip (WC) size and interaction with N fertilization on carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. An 8‐month incubation experiment incorporating WC (4% w/w, equivalent to ∼40 tons per acre) in four sieved sizes (0.2–1.6, 1.6–3.2, 3.2–6.4, and 6.4–12.7 mm) with and without N applications was conducted. All treatments with WC showed that CO2 emission peaked within the first week, then decreased drastically afterward. The CO2 peak delayed as the peak value decreased (WC size increased). The finest WC (<1.6 mm) yielded the lowest total CO2 emissions and resulted in the greatest increase in soil C at the end of incubation. Nitrogen application reduced total CO2 emissions by 1% in the smallest WC size and by 8%–9% for those larger than 1.6 mm. The N2O emissions spiked following each fertilizer application with lowest total emissions from the smallest WC size, suggesting substantial N immobilization. The results imply that larger WC sizes can delay C mineralization and reduce initial N immobilization risks, but the smallest WC size may have stabilized and increased soil organic carbon. This research increased our understanding on WC mineralization that can be used in WOR management.

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Influence of woodchip size and nitrogen fertilization on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended with orchard biomass

Gao,

Hendratna,

Thao

et al. 2024

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Methods and tools for environmental technologies risk evaluation: the principal guidelines—a review

Kowalska

Grobelak

Kacprzak

et al. 2020

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The commonly used and developing engineering environmental technologies do not remain neutral for an ecosystem. The deepening climate changes are generally considered as the effects of human activities. There is thus no doubt that any human interference in the environment should be comprehensively checked at the beginning for all its positive and negative aspects for the environment as well as society health. There are two different analytical tools useful in environmental management: life cycle assessment (LCA) and risk assessment (RA). The first follows the product from “from birth to the grave” summing the environmental impact at all stages of its “life” including such elements like producing, used electricity, transport and many others. LCA refers to quantification and classification of all effects at all life stages and provides direct and indirect possible environmental interactions. On the other hand, risk assessment focuses on linking stressors and its possibilities and severity. RA tools reveal environmental and human health impacts of strictly separated elements, providing insight as to which emission consists of an important threat. This paper is focused on summarizing two the most used methods and tools for supporting the decision making process in use of environmental engineering technologies. In this paper, the fundamental differences between LCA and RA and benefits from their use has been contained.

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Long-term mitigation of drought changes the functional potential and life-strategies of the forest soil microbiome involved in organic matter decomposition

Hartmann,

Herzog,

Brunner

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Climate change can alter the flow of nutrients and energy through terrestrial ecosystems. Using an inverse climate change field experiment in the central European Alps, we explored how long-term irrigation of a naturally drought-stressed pine forest altered the metabolic potential of the soil microbiome and its ability to decompose lignocellulolytic compounds as a critical ecosystem function. Drought mitigation by a decade of irrigation stimulated profound changes in the functional capacity encoded in the soil microbiome, revealing alterations in carbon and nitrogen metabolism as well as regulatory processes protecting microorganisms from starvation and desiccation. Despite the structural and functional shifts from oligotrophic to copiotrophic microbial lifestyles under irrigation and the observation that different microbial taxa were involved in the degradation of cellulose and lignin as determined by a time-series stable-isotope probing incubation experiment with 13C-labeled substrates, degradation rates of these compounds were not affected by different water availabilities. These findings provide new insights into the impact of precipitation changes on the soil microbiome and associated ecosystem functioning in a drought-prone pine forest and will help to improve our understanding of alterations in biogeochemical cycling under a changing climate.

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Organic matter decomposition under warming climatic conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 70 publications

Influence of woodchip size and nitrogen fertilization on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended with orchard biomass

Influence of woodchip size and nitrogen fertilization on carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide emissions from soils amended with orchard biomass

Methods and tools for environmental technologies risk evaluation: the principal guidelines—a review

Long-term mitigation of drought changes the functional potential and life-strategies of the forest soil microbiome involved in organic matter decomposition

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