Organ Donation as a Collective Action Problem: Ethical Considerations and Implications for Practice

Ladin, Keren

doi:10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.2.msoc1-1602

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, junior doctors are usually the key members in discussing the advance directives such as ‘Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ with the family members. Therefore, a successful relationship of trust has already been built throughout the process of care, which could improve the conversion rate of corneal donation 9. Our study showed that around 13% of the junior doctors had been involved in the discussion of corneal donation with the family members, and this figure is likely to increase under the new opt-out system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Evaluation of junior doctors' knowledge of corneal donation and the new opt-out system in England

Gopal

Titi-Lartey

Fernandes

et al. 2021

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Evaluation of junior doctors' knowledge of corneal donation and the new opt-out system in England

Gopal

Titi-Lartey

Fernandes

et al. 2021

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…Finally, some have noted that prioritizing localities encourages donation and strengthens social norms related to organ donation. 15,16 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are geographic differences in transplantation inherently wrong?

Ladin

Hanto

2017

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

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Purpose of review Geographic variation in liver transplantation has been the subject of extensive scrutiny, reflecting concerns that location is unfairly determinative for people needing organ transplantation. Drawing upon a number of established ethical approaches, we examine whether geographic differences in access to livers are inherently unethical. Recent findings We posit that the ethical imperative for redistribution largely hinges upon the belief that access to organs is systematically disadvantages certain identifiable groups of patients over others. Yet, our data suggests that regions likely to be net-contributors may suffer from less access to transplantation and other health services, fewer social protections, and greater burden of liver disease. Drawing upon a number of ethical approaches, including: strict egalitarianism, utilitarianism, Maximin, Reciprocity, Sen’s Impartial Spectator, and a health equity framework, we demonstrate that the current proposal has significant weaknesses, and may not achieve its goals of improving equity and efficiency. Summary Formulating effective policies and programs to ameliorate health inequalities requires an understanding of the interrelated causes of mortality disparities and specific interventions to mitigate these causes. Although our analysis does not indicate how ethically distribute livers, but it suggests that this be done with consideration for population-based health measures.

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Leveraging the zebrafish to model organ transplantation

Cavalcante

Toner

Uygun

et al. 2019

Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation

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Purpose of review The availability of organs for transplant fails to meet the demand and this shortage is growing worse every year. As the cost of not getting a suitable donor organ can mean death for patients, new tools and approaches that allows us to make advances in transplantation faster and provide a different vantage point are required. To address this need, we introduce the concept of using the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a new model system in organ transplantation. The zebrafish community offers decades of research experience in disease modeling and a rich toolbox of approaches for interrogating complex pathological states. We provide examples of how already existing zebrafish assays/tools from cancer, regenerative medicine, immunology, and others, could be leveraged to fuel new discoveries in pursuit of solving the organ shortage. Recent findings Important innovations have enabled several types of transplants to be successfully performed in zebrafish, including stem cells, tumors, parenchymal cells, and even a partial heart transplant. These innovations have been performed against a backdrop of an expansive and impressive list of tools designed to uncover the biology of complex systems that include a wide array of fluorescent transgenic fish that label specific cell types and mutant lines that are transparent, immune-deficient. Allogeneic transplants can also be accomplished using immune suppressed and syngeneic fish. Each of these innovations within the zebrafish community would provide several helpful tools that could be applied to transplant research. Summary We highlight some examples of existing tools and assays developed in the zebrafish community that could be leveraged to overcome barriers in organ transplantation, including ischemia–reperfusion, short preservation durations, regeneration of marginal grafts, and acute and chronic rejection.

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Organ Donation as a Collective Action Problem: Ethical Considerations and Implications for Practice

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of junior doctors' knowledge of corneal donation and the new opt-out system in England

Evaluation of junior doctors' knowledge of corneal donation and the new opt-out system in England

Are geographic differences in transplantation inherently wrong?

Leveraging the zebrafish to model organ transplantation

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