Ordered forms of dianionic guanosine 5'-monophosphate with sodium ion as the structure director. Proton and phosphorus-31 NMR studies of hydrogen bonding and comparisons of stacked tetramer and stacked dimer models

Walmsley, Judith A.; Barr, Richard G.; Bouhoutsos-Brown, Elene; Pinnavaia, Thomas J.

doi:10.1021/j150656a035

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Under acidic conditions they readily form gels containing different types of aggregates (7)(8)(9)(10). In several studies of highly concentrated solutions of guanosine 5'-monophosphate at neutral or slightly basic pH, a tetrad model has been proposed which was presumed to form only in the presence of a monovalent cation as a structure director (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). However, little real structural information existed to support this model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disordered Single Crystal Evidence for a Quadruple Helix Formed by Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate

Lipanov

Quintana

Dickerson

1990

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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The disodium salt of guanosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-GMP) has been crystallized earlier in an orthorhombic array. We have obtained a new crystal form of 5'-GMP at pH 8 which reveals a clear helical nature, with guanine bases stacked perpendicular to the helix axis. Although the X-ray pictures show partial disorder, they can be indexed on a hexagonal net with a = b = 28.6 A, c = 9.8 A, V = 6942 A3 (1A = 0.1 nm). The probable space group is P6(4), and past experience with ca. 600 A3 per base in oligonucleotide crystals suggests that the cell contains 12 GMP molecules. The crystal packing parameters and the intensity distribution agree with a model of three hydrogen-bonded guanine tetrads in the unit cell, stacked so as to build a quadruple helix similar to that proposed earlier from fiber studies (Zimmerman, S.B., J. Mol. Biol. 106, 663-672 (1976)).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disordered Single Crystal Evidence for a Quadruple Helix Formed by Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate

Lipanov

Quintana

Dickerson

1990

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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“…Replacing the cation in the commercial samples with the TMA ion reduces the degree of base stacking (40). It had been previously documented that tetraethylammonium ion reduces the association in poly(G) (44) and that TMA eliminates base stacking in 5'-GMP aggrefates (24,25 …”

Section: Nmr Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The broad resonance at 7.12 ppm is likely to represent an exchangeable proton, most probably the NI-H or NH 2 , whose exchange rate has been reduced by involvement in hydrogen bonding in the aggregates (25). The chemical shifts of these protons are sensitive to the type of hydrogen-bond acceptor group.…”

Section: Ligpg Nagpg and Kgpgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical shifts of these protons are sensitive to the type of hydrogen-bond acceptor group. The shift is rather low for a guanine imino proton: in Watson-Crick GC pairs they occur in the 12.0-13.5 ppm range (TMA scale: 8.8-10.3 ppm) and in Nai5'-GMP) (25) and G-tetrads at 11.0-11.5 ppm (7 .8-8.3) (5). However, chemical shifts for this proton in GU wobble pairs have been reported at 10.06 (6.88) (49) and 10.38 (7.20) ppm (50) in tRNA On the other hand, the chemical shift at 10.30 (7.12) ppm in the NaGpG spectra is higher than normally observed for amino protons, with the exception of a tentative assignment (9-10 ppm) to an NH 2 proton which is hydrogen bonded to an N7 of a self-associated species in Nai5'-GMP) (25).…”

Section: Ligpg Nagpg and Kgpgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on a rather large numberofNMR (6-ll), FTIR (4,10,(12)(13)(14), Raman (15)(16)(17)(18) and X-ray diffraction studies (19)(20)(21)(22)(23), the most widely accepted model for guanosine or 5' -GMP aggregates consists of planar tetramers of hydrogen-bonded guanines, I, which are then vertically stacked upon each other. The binding site(s) for the alkali metal ions is less well determined; proposals for Na +binding include location of the Na +in the central cavity of the cyclic tetramer, and/or a cation-bridging of two phosphates which are located in adjacent tetramers in a stacked array (7)(8)(9)24,25). The K+ is larger and would not fit in the cavity of the tetramer.lt has been postulated that it forms a sandwich-type of arrangement by sitting in the center of and in-between two cyclic tetramers (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cation-Dependence of the Self-Association Behavior of Guanylyl-(3′-5′)-Guanosine

Walmsley¹,

Schneider²,

Farmer³

et al. 1992

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics

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The aggregation behavior of guanylyl-(3'-5')-guanosine, GpG, in the form of the tetramethylammonium (TMA), Li, Na, and K salts in aqueous solution has been investigated by NMR and FTIR techniques. The salts were prepared by a cation-exchange method. The ability of the cations to induce aggregate formation is TMA+ < Li+ < Na+ < K+, where TMA+ has only a weakly promoting action and K+ has a very strong effect. Three types of aggregates have been observed: (a) small aggregates which are in rapid exchange with respect to the NMR time scale; (b) intermediate-sized aggregates which are slow to exchange; (c) very large aggregates which can only be observed by FTIR. In all cases the aggregated species are held together by base stacking and guanine-guanine hydrogen bonding. A stoichiometry of 2 GpG per K+ has been determined by a 1H NMR titration of TMAGpG with KCl. Models have been proposed for the various-sized species. These include stacked dimers, stacked tetramers (similar to G-tetrads), and species in which K+ ion bridges between phosphates in separate tetramers.

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A G-Quartet Formed in the Absence of a Templating Metal Cation: A New 8-(N,N-dimethylaniline)guanosine Derivative

et al. 2000

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Ordered forms of dianionic guanosine 5'-monophosphate with sodium ion as the structure director. Proton and phosphorus-31 NMR studies of hydrogen bonding and comparisons of stacked tetramer and stacked dimer models

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Disordered Single Crystal Evidence for a Quadruple Helix Formed by Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate

Disordered Single Crystal Evidence for a Quadruple Helix Formed by Guanosine 5′-Monophosphate

Cation-Dependence of the Self-Association Behavior of Guanylyl-(3′-5′)-Guanosine

A G-Quartet Formed in the Absence of a Templating Metal Cation: A New 8-(N,N-dimethylaniline)guanosine Derivative

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