Order Artiodactyla, Family Cervidae (Deer)

Duarte, José Maurício Barbanti; Merino, Mariano Lisandro; González, Susana; Nunes, Aduato Luis Veloso; Garcia, Joaquim Mansano; Szabó, Matias Pablo Juán; Pandolfi, J. R. C.; Arantes, Isaú Gouveia; Nascimento, Adjair Antônio do; Machado, Rosângela Zacarias; Araújo, João Pessoa; Catão‐Dias, José Luiz; Werther, Karin; García, José Eduardo; Gírio, Raul José Silva; Matushima, Eliana Reiko

doi:10.1002/9780470376980.ch35

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…When some parasites infect both susceptible wild and domestic species that share the same habitats, both present enzootic importance and must be monitored (KUIKEN et al, 2005). Furthermore, some hemoparasites are a serious problem for domestic ruminants and humans, and both can be in close contact with wild animals, particularly deer, in South America (DUARTE et al, 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814)

Silveira

Rabelo

Lima

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814) AbstractTick-borne infections can result in serious health problems for wild ruminants, and some of these infectious agents can be considered zoonosis. The aim of the present study was the post-mortem detection of hemoparasites in free-living Mazama gouazoubira from Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The deer samples consisted of free-living M. gouazoubira (n = 9) individuals that died after capture. Necropsy examinations of the carcasses were performed to search for macroscopic alterations. Organ samples were collected for subsequent imprint slides, and nested PCR assays were performed to detect hemoparasite species. Imprint slide assays from four deer showed erythrocytes infected with Piroplasmida small trophozoites, and A. marginale corpuscles were observed in erythrocytes from two animals. A. marginale and trophozoite co-infections occurred in two deer. A nested PCR analysis of the organs showed that six of the nine samples were positive for Theileria sp., five were positive for A. phagocytophilum and three were positive for A. marginale, with co-infection occurring in four deer. The results of the present study demonstrate that post-mortem diagnostics using imprint slides and molecular assays are an effective method for detecting hemoparasites in organs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the consequences of infection for deer health are not clearly understood. Nevertheless, anaplasmosis is known to be responsible for great economic losses among domestic ruminants in tropical and subtropical areas because of the intravascular anemia evident in infected animals (DUARTE et al, 2001).…”

Section: Deermentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814)

Silveira

Rabelo

Lima

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Deer can become infected by various members of the Anaplasmataceae, but the consequences of infection for deer health are not understood (Duarte, 2007). Haemoparasites are a serious problem in domestic ruminants and they can be in close contact with wild animals, particularly deer, in South America (Duarte et al., 2001). Anaplasmataceae have been detected in wild ruminants worldwide (Kuttler, 1984; Dawson et al., 1994; Little et al., 1998; de la Fuente et al., 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens of the Family Anaplasmataceae in Brazilian Brown Brocket Deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer, 1814) and Marsh Deer (Blastocerus dichotomus, Illiger, 1815)

Silveira

Rabelo

Ribeiro

2011

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Deer are important natural reservoir hosts of Anaplasmataceae. The present study used nested PCR and nucleotide sequencing to evaluate the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae species in 23 free-living and six captive specimens of the cervids Mazama gouazoubira and Blastocerus dichotomus in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Blood samples were tested for the presence of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma spp. using nPCR assays and sequencing of the msp4, msp1 and 16S rRNA genes. The identity of each sequence was confirmed by comparison with sequences available from GenBank using BLAST software. Of the animals investigated, 93.1% (27/29) were infected with haemoparasites including Anaplasma marginale (79.3%), Ehrlichia chaffeensis (3.4%), Anaplasma bovis (3.4%) and Anaplasma spp. (assigned to A. platys and A. phagocytophilum) (17.2%). Co-infection occurred in 20% (6/29) of the deer examined. Four (13.8%) were infected with A. marginale and Anaplasma sp., one (3.4%) was infected with A. marginale and E. chaffeensis, and one (3.4%) was infected with A. marginale and A. bovis. The results of the present study suggest that cross-protection does not occur in these deer. Immunological cross-reaction occurs when sera are tested diagnostically because these bacteria are closely related taxonomically, reinforcing the importance of molecular diagnosis followed by nucleotide sequencing.

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“…Published information about these infectious agents in cervids, and especially in marsh deer, is relatively scarce. Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) causes infectious rhinotracheitis (IBR) in artiodactyls, and a high antibody prevalence was found in marsh deer from Brazil [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A participatory surveillance of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) morbidity and mortality in Argentina: first results.

Orozco

Argibay

Minatel³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: In an era of unprecedented socio-ecological changes, managing wildlife health demands high-quality data collection and the engagement of local communities. Blastocerus dichotomus, the largest South American deer, is Vulnerable to extinction mainly due to habitat loss. Diseases have been recognised as a potential threat, and winter mortality has been historically described in marsh deer populations from Argentina. Field difficulties have, however, prevented in-depth studies of their health status.Results: Between May 2014 and April 2017, we investigated marsh deer morbidity and mortality in the two largest populations in Argentina. We collected data by means of a passive surveillance system that involved a network of researchers, field partners (veterinarians, park rangers, and local community), and decision makers. We sampled dead deer during as well as outside mortality events. A total of 44 marsh deer with different body condition scores were evaluated. We obtained haematology and biochemistry values from animals with good body condition score. Marsh deer with poor body condition had a high burden of the ticks Amblyomma triste and Rhipicephalus microplus. Vector-borne agents such as Theileria cervi, Trypanosoma theileri, Trypanosoma evansi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma odocoilei, Anaplasma marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boleense were also found. Haemonchus spp., Ostertagia spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. were the most frequent gastrointestinal parasites in deer with poor body condition. A Multiple Correspondence Analysis reinforced a possible association of winter period with lower body score condition, high tick loads, infection with E. chaffeensis, and presence of harmful gastrointestinal parasites. Conclusions: Our approach allowed the establishment of a participatory surveillance network of marsh deer morbidity and mortality in Argentina. We report and analyse the first data obtained opportunistically within the framework of this network, providing information on the infectious and parasitic agents in marsh deer populations. The occurrence of Fasciola hepatica and Leptospira interrogans serovar pyrogenes is reported for the first time in wild marsh deer from Argentina. Our data will be useful to improve the interpretation of future mortality events. The field implementation of a surveillance network is key to a holistic approach to wildlife diseases.

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Order Artiodactyla, Family Cervidae (Deer)

Cited by 16 publications

References 61 publications

Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814)

Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814)

Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens of the Family Anaplasmataceae in Brazilian Brown Brocket Deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer, 1814) and Marsh Deer (Blastocerus dichotomus, Illiger, 1815)

A participatory surveillance of marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) morbidity and mortality in Argentina: first results.

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