Orbital Tumors—Clinical, Radiologic and Histopathologic Correlation

Abstract

Orbital masses include a broad spectrum of benign and malignant entities. Often these masses are asymptomatic or show a slow growth rate, so that emergence of clinical symptoms is prolonged. In this context, cross-sectional imaging plays an elementary role in the characterization of these lesions. Aside from the characterization of the underlying entity, an evaluation of the involved compartments is possible by sufficient imaging, which also facilitates optimal treatment and surgery planning. The purpose of this review is to explore different benign and malignant orbital tumors and their typical appearance in imaging together with histopathologic findings.

Orbital hemangioma extirpation via a transnasal endoscopic surgical approach: A case report

“…Patients often present with proptosis due to a slowly growing orbital mass, which accounts for ~70 % of cases [4] , [11] , [12] . Exophthalmos is typically progressive, depending on the anatomical location, and may or may not be axile, painless, and non-pulsatile until a complication occurs (e.g., thrombosis, hemorrhage, or inflammation).…”

“…Small calcifications or bone remodeling can occur. Mild contrast enhancement is a common proptosis feature because of its low vascular flow [11] . Magnetic resonance imaging should be used to evaluate the potential compressive impact, particularly on the optic nerve.…”

Unilateral orbital schwannoma arising from the supraorbital nerve: Report of a rare case

“…Orbital masses encompass a wide spectrum of conditions, from benign growths to potentially life‐threatening tumors, necessitating a comprehensive assessment to distinguish and manage them effectively. These masses arise from various origins, presenting a diverse array of clinical manifestations that emphasize the critical need for accurate differentiation and precise intervention 1,2 …”

“…These masses arise from various origins, presenting a diverse array of manifestations that emphasize the critical need for accurate differentiation and precise intervention. 1,2 Optic nerve sheath meningiomas predominantly affect middle-aged women and typically present with insidious, painless vision loss and proptosis. 3 In contrast, schwannomas, although rare in the orbital region, primarily manifest in adults aged 20-70 years.…”

“…Orbital tumors present a diagnostic challenge to neurosurgeons and have long been a subject of intrigue. Schwannomas in the orbit are exceptionally rare, accounting for only 1%–6% of all orbital tumors 1,2 . In the orbit, schwannomas typically manifest unilaterally and can originate from various nerves, including the supraorbital, infraorbital, supratrochlear, ciliary, oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens nerves.…”