Orbital Approach to High Temperature Superconductivity

Abstract

High temperature superconductivity in cuprates is explained in terms of 3d-orbital capture in copper. In elemental Cu 3d-orbital capture abstracts an electron from the 4 s 2 valence orbital, and leaves it as 4 s 1. This is known since Cu occurs in Group IB of the Periodic Table. This forms an electron vacancy, or hole, in the valence shell. Therefore, the energy of 3d-orbital capture is stronger than the energy of unpairing of a paired-spin 4 s 2 orbital. In cuprates 3d-orbital capture abstracts an electron from a Cu-O covalent bond, and leaves a hole in the excited state orbital. By electron-hole migration the excited state orbital leads to a coordinate covalent bond. This leads to superconductivity. The 3d-orbital process accounts for superconductivity and insulator behavior in cuprates. These results lend credence to the statement that 3d-orbital capture in copper is the cause of high temperature superconductivity.

Antimicrobial Properties of Copper and d-Orbital Capture

“…The high temperature superconductivity paper [8] complements this note. This note shows how UV radiation is generated in copper by 3 d-orbital capture.…”

“…Determination of this frequency in copper is also important academically. This should help to verify the postulate of 3 d-orbital capture as being the cause of cuprate high temperature superconductivity [8]. If this postulate is true, irradiation of the superconductors at the appropriate frequency, v, is expected to affect some of the properties of these materials.…”

“…The logical source of this mobile electron density is the equilibrium shown in Equation 3. It is the 3 d-orbital capture resonant equilibrium that leads to superconductivity [8]. Since 3 d-orbital capture equilibrium occurs in superconducting cuprate materials, there will be an associated characteristic frequency, ν.…”