Oral ulcers: clinical aspects. A tool for dermatologists. Part I. Acute ulcers

Abstract

Oral ulcers are generally painful lesions that are related to various conditions developing within the oral cavity. They can be classified as acute or chronic according to their presentation and progression. Acute oral ulcers are be associated with conditions such as trauma, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, Behçet's disease, bacterial and viral infections, allergic reactions or adverse drug reactions. Chronic oral ulcers are associated with conditions such as oral lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, mucosal pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus, mycosis and some bacterial and parasitic diseases. The correct differential diagnosis is necessary to establish the appropriate treatment, taking into account all the possible causes of ulcers in the oral cavity. In the first part of this two-part review, acute oral ulcers are reviewed.

Exophytic Solitary Ulcerated Chronic Lesion of the Mouth; What Diagnosis and Treatment

“…It is generally accepted that an oral ulcer has become chronic last for >2 weeks. [3] Recurrent ulcers, on the other hand, present with a history of similar episodes with intermittent healing. [4] Ulcer may be single or solitary ulcer, or multiple.…”

Úlceras orales: diagnóstico diferencial y tratamiento

“…Los más empleados, en orden de menor a mayor potencia, son el acetónido de triamcinolona, el acetónido de fluocinolona y el propionato de clobetasol, en proporción adecuada, dependiendo de la gravedad de las lesiones 13 . Estos 3 medicamentos pueden ser administrados como pomadas en excipiente adhesivo, cuando las lesiones son localizadas, o en enjuagues en solución acuosa o hidroalcohólica cuando las lesiones son difusas o muy numerosas 16 . El acetónido de triamcinolona está indicado particularmente en pacientes con erosiones pequeñas y moderadas.…”

Regression of Major Recurrent Aphthous Ulcerations Using a Combination of Intralesional Corticosteroids and Levamisole: A Case Report

“…Because the etiology of RAU remains unknown, its treatment consists of therapeutic measures to suppress its symptoms rather than bringing about a definitive cure. The therapeutic choice depends on the severity of the disease, which is measured by the frequency of ulcer recurrence, the number of ulcers, their location and duration, and the level of associated orofacial pain 3,4. Cases of major RAU that are characterized by pain, fever, and dysphagia and that are recurrent usually require systemic therapy.…”