Oral pyogenic granuloma: a review

Pyogenic Granuloma of Gingiva: A Misnomer

“…The term pyogenic granuloma is a misnomer as it is not associated with pus or a granulomatous lesion [3]. Hullihen in 1844, reported the first case in literature.…”

“…In 1897, occurance of PG in man was first described as Botryomycosis hominis by Poneet and Dor [1,3]. The term Pyogenic granuloma or Granuloma pyogenicum was coined by Hartzell in 1904 [3]. Since then various terminologies were used like Crocker and Hartzells disease.…”

“…Kerr and Bhaskar et al observed various Gram +ve and Gram-ve bacilli more commonly in ulcerated lesions near the surface tan in deeper aspects suggesting contamination from oral flora. Shafer et al stated that some minor trauma to tissue provided pathway for invasion of non-specific types of microorganisms [1,3]. The tissue responds to these low virulence organisms by overzealous proliferation of a vascular type of connective tissue.…”

“…Various etiological agents have been suggested to initiate PG, like chronic low grade irritation due to exfoliation of primary tooth, eruption of permanent teeth, defective or overhanging restoration, food impaction or tooth brush trauma, sharp tooth [1,3,4]. Other factors such as hormones, drugs, gingival inflammation and preexisting vascular lesions lead to the development of these lesions.…”

“…They described PG in 2 forms as lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) and Non-LCH. The various other terminologies used were granuloma Pediculatum Benignum, Benign vascular tumor and during pregnancy as Granuloma gravidarum [1,3].…”