Oral ketoprofen is effective in the treatment of non-infectious lameness in sows

Mustonen, K.; Ala-Kurikka, Eve; Orro, Toomas; Peltoniemi, Olli; Raekallio, Marja; Vainio, Outi; Heinonen, Mari

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.09.017

Cited by 38 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Scores have also been used to assess lameness by the simple presence or absence of lameness (32, 118, 119), simple descriptive scales to indicate the varying degree of severity (120–123), and variable rating scales including several parameters relating to lameness (30, 124). A clinical lameness score, combining lameness at rest and at walk, was used to assess the efficacy of an intramuscular injection of meloxicam compared to a placebo to treat non-infectious locomotor disorders (122).…”

Section: Pain Assessment In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

et al. 2016

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There is a moral obligation to minimize pain in pigs used for human benefit. In livestock production, pigs experience pain caused by management procedures, e.g., castration and tail docking, injuries from fighting or poor housing conditions, “management diseases” like mastitis or streptococcal meningitis, and at parturition. Pigs used in biomedical research undergo procedures that are regarded as painful in humans, but do not receive similar levels of analgesia, and pet pigs also experience potentially painful conditions. In all contexts, accurate pain assessment is a prerequisite in (a) the estimation of the welfare consequences of noxious interventions and (b) the development of more effective pain mitigation strategies. This narrative review identifies the sources of pain in pigs, discusses the various assessment measures currently available, and proposes directions for future investigation.

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Section: Pain Assessment In Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

et al. 2016

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“…In a study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of meloxicam in non-infectious locomotor disorders in pigs, the authors used clinical examination classifications to describe and categorize “lameness at rest” and “lameness while walking”, as well as “feed intake” and “behavior”. Other authors have analyzed pain indicators in terms of behavior such as inactivity, huddling up, trembling, tail-wagging, scratching, stiffness, sleep spasms, recumbency, coprophagy, aggression, depression, head-pressing, changes in activity, nursing, lying, body movement, muscle-twitching, and withdrawal 79–84. These analyses allowed the authors to evaluate pain relief in pigs, distress after surgical procedures (such as castration), and the effects of some analgesics.…”

Section: Focusing On Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain assessment in animal models: do we need further studies?

Gigliuto¹,

Gregori²,

Malafoglia³

et al. 2014

JPR

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In the last two decades, animal models have become important tools in understanding and treating pain, and in predicting analgesic efficacy. Although rodent models retain a dominant role in the study of pain mechanisms, large animal models may predict human biology and pharmacology in certain pain conditions more accurately. Taking into consideration the anatomical and physiological characteristics common to man and pigs (median body size, digestive apparatus, number, size, distribution and communication of vessels in dermal skin, epidermal–dermal junctions, the immunoreactivity of peptide nerve fibers, distribution of nociceptive and non-nociceptive fiber classes, and changes in axonal excitability), swines seem to provide the most suitable animal model for pain assessment. Locomotor function, clinical signs, and measurements (respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, electromyography), behavior (bright/quiet, alert, responsive, depressed, unresponsive), plasma concentration of substance P and cortisol, vocalization, lameness, and axon reflex vasodilatation by laser Doppler imaging have been used to assess pain, but none of these evaluations have proved entirely satisfactory. It is necessary to identify new methods for evaluating pain in large animals (particularly pigs), because of their similarities to humans. This could lead to improved assessment of pain and improved analgesic treatment for both humans and laboratory animals.

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“…through injuries of the claw capsule including sole, wall, white line and heel or bulb (Cador et al, 2014;Enokida et al, 2011;Mustonen et al, 2011). The causes of claw lesions are complex and multifactorial, including genetics (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental model for studying claw lesions in growing female pigs

et al. 2016

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Problems with claw lesions leading to lameness are a growing concern in pig production.However, the causes and development of claw lesions are poorly understood and studies on prevention of claw lesion problems in gilts and sows are limited.This study tested a new experimental model which facilitates evaluation of the impact of different risk factors on pig feet lesions.The model consisted of using young gilts with a well-known background and promoting traumatic claw lesions for study purposes by increasing social and agonistic activity through regrouping on concrete flooring. Then claw lesions were assessed systematically and objectively on feet after slaughter. To test the model, two levels of exposure to concrete flooring were compared; normal activity in groups of gilts (no regrouping = NR) and increased activity in groups of gilts by performing several regroupings (repeated regrouping = RR).A total of 72 gilts (pairs of litter mates) in two batches, aged 4 months, were randomly distributed to the two treatments (NR and RR) in group pens (3 gilts per pen) with concrete 2 flooring. The gilts were given approximately 200 g of straw per gilt every day. At 8, 9 and 10 months of age, half the gilts (36 animals) were regrouped with each other. At 11 months of age, all gilts in both treatments were slaughtered and the left rear foot from each was removed and collected for detailed studies of claw lesions. Lesions of the heel, transition heel/toe, white line, wall and toe and over-growth of the heel were assessed on the outer and inner digit. Blind scoring of claw lesions on a scale from 0 to 3 was carried out in laboratory conditions on cleaned claws. Body lesions were also blind-scored on a scale from 0 to 3 one week after the third regrouping.The results showed claw lesions on the soft and hard horn of the claws and significantly (p=0.004) higher claw lesion score in RR gilts (0.40) than in NR gilts (0.23).It was concluded that as expected, regrouping gilts on concrete flooring resulted in both more numerous and more severe claw lesions than ungrouped gilts. Likewise, body lesion score was significantly (p<0.001) higher in RR gilts (1.71) than NR gilts (0.46).It was also concluded that the proposed model could be a successful experimental design for challenging different risk factors, e.g. flooring and management, for development of claw lesions in pigs.

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Oral ketoprofen is effective in the treatment of non-infectious lameness in sows

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

A Review of Pain Assessment in Pigs

Pain assessment in animal models: do we need further studies?

An experimental model for studying claw lesions in growing female pigs

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