Oral health and nutritional biochemical variables in adult patients with AIDS

Slobodianik, Nora; Perris, Paula; Squassi, Aldo; Sánchez, G.; Feliu, Marı́a Susana; Bordoni, Noemí

doi:10.1017/s0029665108006289

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

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Omega‐3 Index Correlates with Healthier Food Consumption in Adolescents and with Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Boys

O’Sullivan

Ambrosini

Mori

et al. 2010

Lipids

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The Omega-3 Index, a measure of long-chain omega-3 fats in red blood cell membranes, predicts heart disease mortality in adults, but its association with cardiovascular risk factors in younger populations is unknown. We determined the Omega-3 Index in adolescents participating in the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Cohort, assessed associations with diet, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors, and investigated independent associations with cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors. Red blood cell fatty acid analysis was determined for 1,301 adolescents aged 13-15 years. Risk factors examined were blood pressure, fasting blood insulin and glucose concentrations, and fasting blood lipids including ratios. The mean Omega-3 Index was 4.90 ± 1.04% (range 1.41-8.42%). When compared with categories identified in adults, 15.6% of adolescents were in the high risk category (Index < 4%). Age (P < 0.01), maternal education (P < 0.01) and BMI (P = 0.05) were positively associated with the Omega-3 Index. The Index was positively associated with dietary intakes of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid (P < 0.01), protein (P < 0.01), omega-3 fats (P < 0.04), and food groups of fish and wholegrains (both P < 0.01), and negatively associated with intakes of soft drinks and crisps (both P < 0.01). In boys, the Omega-3 Index was independently associated with total (β = 0.06, P = 0.01) and HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.03, P = 0.01), and diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.68, P = 0.04). The predictability of the Index for the risk of cardiovascular disease later in life warrants further investigation in the adolescent population.

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Omega‐3 Index Correlates with Healthier Food Consumption in Adolescents and with Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Boys

O’Sullivan

Ambrosini

Mori

et al. 2010

Lipids

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N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids through the Lifespan: Implication for Psychopathology

Pusceddu

Kelly

Stanton

et al. 2016

IJNPPY

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Objective:The impact of lifetime dietary habits and their role in physical, mental, and social well-being has been the focus of considerable recent research. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a dietary constituent have been under the spotlight for decades. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids constitute key regulating factors of neurotransmission, neurogenesis, and neuroinflammation and are thereby fundamental for development, functioning, and aging of the CNS. Of note is the fact that these processes are altered in various psychiatric disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease.Design:Relevant literature was identified through a search of MEDLINE via PubMed using the following words, “n-3 PUFAs,” “EPA,” and “DHA” in combination with “stress,” “cognition,” “ADHD,” “anxiety,” “depression,” “bipolar disorder,” “schizophrenia,” and “Alzheimer.” The principal focus was on the role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids throughout the lifespan and their implication for psychopathologies. Recommendations for future investigation on the potential clinical value of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were examined.Results:The inconsistent and inconclusive results from randomized clinical trials limits the usage of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in clinical practice. However, a body of literature demonstrates an inverse correlation between omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels and quality of life/ psychiatric diseases. Specifically, older healthy adults showing low habitual intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids benefit most from consuming them, showing improved age-related cognitive decline.Conclusions:Although further studies are required, there is an exciting and growing body of research suggesting that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a potential clinical value in the prevention and treatment of psychopathologies.

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MRI assessment of adipose tissue fatty acid composition in the UK Biobank and its association with diet and disease

Thanaj,

Basty,

Whitcher

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Objectives: This study aimed to assess the fatty acid (FA) composition of abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue in the UK Biobank imaging cohort (N = 33,823) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: We measured the fractions of saturated (fSFA), monounsaturated (fMUFA), and polyunsaturated (fPUFA) in ASAT and VAT from multi-echo MRI scans. We selected a sub-cohort that followed a vegan and an omnivore diet (N=36) to validate the effect of diet on adipose tissue. In the wider imaging cohort, we examined the relationship between adipose tissue FA composition and various traits related to disease and body size. Results: We measured adipose tissue FA composition for over 33,000 participants, revealing higher fSFA and fPUFA and lower fMUFA in VAT (p < 0.00016). fMUFA and fPUFA were higher in ASAT and lower in VAT for women (p<0.00016). Vegans exhibited lower fSFA in both ASAT and VAT (p < 0.00016). VAT fSFA and fMUFA showed significant associations with disease as well as anthropometric variables. Discussion: This extensive analysis revealed the relationships between adipose tissue FA composition and a range of factors in a diverse population, highlighting the importance of studying body adipose tissue beyond its quantity.

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Oral health and nutritional biochemical variables in adult patients with AIDS

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Omega‐3 Index Correlates with Healthier Food Consumption in Adolescents and with Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Boys

Omega‐3 Index Correlates with Healthier Food Consumption in Adolescents and with Reduced Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Adolescent Boys

N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids through the Lifespan: Implication for Psychopathology

MRI assessment of adipose tissue fatty acid composition in the UK Biobank and its association with diet and disease

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