Optimum Tool Handle Diameter for a Cylinder Grip

Scalability of the Muscular Action in a Parametric 3D Model of the Index Finger

“…Finally, its validity to predict maximal forces is investigated by incorporating this muscle model into the previously developed 3D inverse dynamic finger model. [10][11][12] A minimum number of parameters was used in the finger model: HB and HL. Its scalability was achieved as explained above, except for muscular action which we now go on to present.…”

“…1,3,6,8,[10][11][12][13]15,16 For some purposes it is important to represent different population groups and percentiles, e.g., to aid therapists in the selection of the optimal handle diameter of personalised assistive devices for disabled people.…”

“…Scalability of rotation axes location was achieved using the work of Buchholz,4 tendon action scalability by adapting the model proposed by An, 1 and ligament action scalability by adapting the geometric model presented by Pagowski. 9 In the absence of data from literature with regard to modelling differences in the muscular power of hands from different population groups, the authors considered a simple model for scalability in previous works, 11,12 using the same HL and HB parameters used for scaling the rest of the model components. In this work, an improved model is presented and experimentally validated once integrated into a completely scalable 3D finger model.…”

Towards a Realistic and Self-Contained Biomechanical Model of the Hand

“…These too are quantitative analyses performed on dynamic models. Recent models do not differ much from the ones developed before 2000 (Fok & Chou, 2010;Kamper et al, 2006;Kurita et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2008aLee et al, , 2008bQiu et al, 2009;Roloff et al, 2006;Sancho-Bru et al, 2001, 2003a, 2003b, 2008Valero-Cuevas, 2000;Valero-Cuevas et al, 2000, 2005Vigouroux et al, 2006Vigouroux et al, , 2008Wu et al, 2010). All models present a similar configuration.…”

“…By the year 2000, few threedimensional models had been developed (Biryukova & Yourovskaya, 1994;Casolo & Lorenzi, 1994;Chao et al, 1976;Chao & An, 1978;Esteki & Mansour, 1997;Mansour et al, 1994;ValeroCuevas et al, 1998), and none of them modelled the complete hand. Since 2000, many three-dimensional biomechanical models can be found in literature, having been developed for very different purposes (Fok & Chou, 2010;Kamper et al, 2006;Kurita et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2008aLee et al, , 2008bQiu et al, 2009;Roloff et al, 2006;Sancho-Bru et al, 2001, 2003a, 2003b, 2008Valero-Cuevas, 2000;Valero-Cuevas et al, 2000, 2005Vigouroux et al, 2006Vigouroux et al, , 2008Wu et al, 2010): to understand the role of the different anatomical elements, to understand the causes and effects of pathologies, to simulate neuromuscular abnormalities, to plan rehabilitation, to simulate tendon transfer and joint replacement surgeries, to analyse the energetics of human movement and athletic performance, to design prosthetics and biomedical implants, to design functional electric stimulation controllers, to name a few. These models, however, do not differ much from the ones developed before 2000, and many limitations are still evident.…”