Optimizing nitrogen management to balance rice yield and environmental risk in the Yangtze River’s middle reaches

Wang, Jing; Fu, Penghao; Wang, Fei; Fahad, Shah; Mohapatra, Pravat K.; Chen, Yutiao; Zhang, Congde; Peng, Shaobing; Cui, Kehui; Nie, Lei; Huang, Jikun

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3943-5

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient in rice production [45] as it directly determines the grain yield [46]. While too little N will inhibit output, N fertilizer application can increase rice yield.…”

Section: Effects Of Straw Retention and N Fertilizer Application On Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Zhang

Wang

2020

Sustainability

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Straw retention is a widely used method in rice planting areas throughout China. However, the combined influences of straw retention and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from paddy fields merits significant attention. In this work, we conducted a field experiment in the lower Yangtze River region of China to study the effects of straw retention modes and N fertilizer rates on rice yield, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission fluxes, global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) during the rice season. The experiments included six treatments: the recommended N fertilizer—240 kg N·ha−1 with (1) no straw, (2) wheat straw, (3) rice straw, and (4) both wheat and rice straw retentions; in a yearly rice–wheat cropping system (N1, WN1, RN1, and WRN1, respectively); as well as both wheat and rice straw retentions with (5) no N fertilizer and (6) 300 kg N·ha−1 conventional N fertilizer (WRN0, WRN2). The results showed that CH4 emissions were mainly concentrated in the tillering fertilizer stage and accounted for 54.2%–87.5% of the total emissions during the rice season, and N2O emissions were primarily concentrated in the panicle fertilizer stage and accounted for 46.7%–51.4% total emissions. CH4 was responsible for 87.5%–98.5% of the total CH4 and N2O GWP during the rice season, and was the main GHG contributor in the paddy field. Although straw retention reduced N2O emissions from paddy field, it significantly increased CH4 emissions, which resulted in a significant net increase in the total GWP. Compared with the N1 treatment, the total GWP of WN1, WRN1, and RN1 increased by 3.45, 3.73, and 1.62 times, respectively; and the GHGI increased by 3.00, 2.96, and 1.52 times, respectively, so the rice straw retention mode had the smallest GWP and GHGI. Under double-season’s straw retentions, N fertilizer application increased both CH4 and N2O emissions, and the WRN1 treatment not only maintained high rice yield but also significantly reduced the GWP and GHGI by 16.5% and 30.1% (p < 0.05), respectively, relative to the WRN2 treatment. Results from this study suggest that adopting the “rice straw retention + recommended N fertilizer” mode (RN1) in the rice–wheat rotation system prevalent in the lower Yangtze River region will aid in mitigating the contribution of straw retention to the greenhouse effect.

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Section: Effects Of Straw Retention and N Fertilizer Application On Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Zhang

Wang

2020

Sustainability

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“…

Nitrogen (N) is the basis of rice biomass accumulation, which plays an important role in yield formation (Huang et al 2018, Wang et al 2019. The world increasingly depends on inorganic fertiliser to meet the needs of a growing population for food production (Lal 2004, Bouwman et al 2013).

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption and leaching characteristics of ammonium and nitrate from paddy soil as affected by biochar amendment

Lv¹,

Wang²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Biochar plays a key role in nitrogen cycling, potentially affecting nitrogen adsorption and leaching when applied to soils. The laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption characteristics of rice straw biochar (RSBC) to ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3–) and the influence of RSBC on leaching characteristics of NH4+ and NO3– at different soil depths using multi-layered soil columns. The results showed that the adsorption characteristics were significantly fitted with Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isothermal curve models. The Freundlich isotherm model indicated that RSBC has relatively higher adsorption capacity and adsorption intensity to NH4+ than NO3–. Moreover, the Langmuir isotherm model showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of RSBC to NH4+ and NO3– were 31.25 and 10.00 mg/g, respectively. The leaching experiments showed that the contents of NH4+ in the leachates from the soil columns showed significant differences at different depths depending on the application amount of RSBC. Compared with CK (0% RSBC amendment), the overall cumulative losses of NH4+ via leaching were decreased by 23.3, 35.1 and 13.7% after adding 2, 4 and 6% RSBC, respectively. Correspondingly, the contents of residual soil NH4+ in the soil column were increased significantly with the RSBC amendment at different depths. However, the losses of NO3– via leaching from the soil columns could not be retarded obviously by RSBC. Therefore, the application of an appropriate biochar rate is beneficial to retard the losses of soil NH4+ from paddy soil.

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“…The use of large amounts of chemical fertilizers has greatly increased crop yields. However, in the case of low N and P use efficiency, excessive fertilization not only wastes nutrients but also causes serious environmental problems such as groundwater pollution, eutrophication of surface waters, decline in biodiversity, water quality degradation, soil acidification, and an increase in greenhouse gas emissions [12]. Farmland nutrient balance is an important indicator of the degree of farmland pollution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Impact of Crop Layout Changes on N and P Nutrient Balance: A Case Study in the West Liaohe River Basin, China

2021

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Regional crop layout has changed significantly due to climate, policy, and other factors, which has impacted farmland nutrient balance. Here, we evaluated the impact of crop layout changes on N and P nutrient balance in the West Liaohe River Basin from 2000–2015. The study area has long been in a N and P surplus state. The unit N surplus exhibited a downward trend and the unit P surplus showed an increasing trend. Significant correlations existed between planting areas and nutrient surplus. The N and P surplus layout was mainly concentrated in the West Liaohe River lower reaches basin. The planting area of wheat must be reduced and the areas of maize and soybean must be controlled to adjust the N and P balance and reduce the environmental pollution risk. Chemical fertilizer and seed inputs are the main sources of N input. Furthermore, combining farming and pastoral farming is conducive to improving N and P use efficiency. Manure can be absorbed by farmland, the ratio of organic and chemical fertilizers can be reasonably set, and chemical fertilizer application can be reduced.

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Optimizing nitrogen management to balance rice yield and environmental risk in the Yangtze River’s middle reaches

Cited by 35 publications

References 42 publications

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Investigation into the Effects of Straw Retention and Nitrogen Reduction on CH4 and N2O Emissions from Paddy Fields in the Lower Yangtze River Region, China

Adsorption and leaching characteristics of ammonium and nitrate from paddy soil as affected by biochar amendment

Evaluating the Impact of Crop Layout Changes on N and P Nutrient Balance: A Case Study in the West Liaohe River Basin, China

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