Optimization of P compounds recovery from aerobic sludge by chemical modeling and response surface methodology combination

Daneshgar, Saba; Vanrolleghem, Peter; Vaneeckhaute, Céline; Buttafava, A.; Capodaglio, Andrea G.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.055

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Due to struvite crystallization and air stripping, NH 4 -N removal efficiency is higher than the theoretical value of 7%. The struvite recovery efficiency is highly dependent on the waste source type and experimental conditions such as pH and ionic molar ratios [28,29]. Previous studies reported that very pure forms of struvite can be recovered from swine wastewater at pH 8.0 to 9.0 and an Mg:P molar ratio of 0.8:1 to 1.2:1 [22,30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Leaching Loss of Pre-Treated Struvite and Its Application in Sudan Grass Cultivation as an Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Fertilizer Source

et al. 2019

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Struvite recovered from waste streams is considered as a sustainable alternative to commercial phosphate (P) fertilizers manufactured from P rock. In this study, struvite was recovered from swine wastewater and pre-treated as air-dried material (AM), microwave irradiated material (MM), oven-dried material (OM), and incinerated material (IM) to reduce the moisture content. Based on their solubility and crystalline nature, AM and IM were selected for further experiments. The nutrient leaching loss and fertilizing value of AM and IM were evaluated in comparison to commercial fused superphosphate (FSP) fertilizer. Soil columns were used to quantify ortho-phosphate (O-P) and ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N) leaching in soil from the test materials. Among the test materials, the average leaching rate of O-P for FSP and AM was significantly different from the control and IM (p < 0.05). The average leaching rate of NH 4 -N among the test materials did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05). Sudan grass growth was examined with standard (urea supplemented) and high (20x, without urea) application of test materials in pot and soil box trials, respectively, to study the fertilizing value AM and IM. There were no significant differences among the test materials, except for the control, in terms of growth rate and fresh and dry matter yield in the pot trials (p > 0.05). When AM, IM, and FSP were applied in increasing amounts (20x) without urea supplement, Sudan grass growth was 50% lower in IM and was found to be significantly different from AM and FSP (p < 0.05). The results suggest that struvite pre-treated as AM could be an effective sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to commercial P fertilizers and thus helps to ensure agricultural sustainability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Leaching Loss of Pre-Treated Struvite and Its Application in Sudan Grass Cultivation as an Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Fertilizer Source

et al. 2019

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“…In order to achieve desirable phosphorus removal efficiency (PRE) by struvite precipitation, many researchers focused on the optimization of the reaction parameters, such as pH, supersaturation, molar ratio, ion concentration, stirring intensity, temperature, crystal seed, and foreign ions (Frawley, Mitchell, Ciardha, & Hutton, 2012; Shih, Abarca, Luna, Huang, & Lu, 2017; Tarragó, Puig, Ruscalleda, Balaguer, & Colprim, 2016; Wang & Nancollas, 2009; Ye et al, 2016). Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) based on three‐level full factorial designs and central composite design (CCD) have been applied for evaluating interactive effects between different investigated parameters and predicting phosphorus recovery results (Daneshgar, Vanrolleghem, Vaneeckhaute, Buttafava, & Capodaglio, 2019b). However, three‐level full factorial designs and CCD still have some disadvantages such as low efficiency when optimizing different investigated factors for achieving optimal phosphorus removal results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and reaction kinetics analysis for phosphorus removal in struvite precipitation process

Wang

Tian

Wang

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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As a promising strategy to remove and recover phosphorus from wastewater, optimization of the struvite (MgNH4PO4.6H2O) precipitation parameters is required to achieve desirable phosphorus removal efficiency. To tackle the challenges upon the precipitation optimization methods as three‐level full factorial designs, and central composite design as well, Box–Behnken design was implemented to optimize different reaction parameters for phosphorus removal and recovery during struvite precipitation in the current study. Moreover, the reaction orders and the rate equation were all determined to reveal the reaction kinetics parameters of struvite precipitation. The results showed that the optimal operating parameters of pH, Mg/P ratio and N/P ratio were 9.82, 1.45, and 4.00, respectively, by which more than 95% of phosphorus removal efficiency could be achieved. In addition, it was found that pH and pH/(N/P) had the most influence on phosphorus removal efficiency among different individual factors and interactive items, respectively. The partial orders of PO4‐P, Mg2+, and NH4+ in kinetic rate equation were determined as 1.586, 0.930, and 1.236 while the rate constant k was 0.0167 ± 0.0014 mM‐2.752 per minute by differential method. Practitioner points Different reaction parameters were optimized by Box–Behnken design. pH and pH/(N/P) had the most influence on phosphorus removal efficiency among different individual factors and interactive items. The reaction orders and the rate equation were all determined to reveal the reaction kinetics parameters.

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“…Several technologies have been proposed for nutrient recovery from urine, including struvite precipitation [10][11][12][13], ammonia stripping [14][15][16][17], stabilization + distillation [18][19][20], electrochemical concentration such as electrodialysis [21,22], and membrane distillation [23,24]. All these technologies require one or more of the following: high energy consumption, high chemical requirements, and/or control systems to ensure operability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Powered Bioelectrochemical Nutrient Recovery for Fertilizer Generation from Human Urine

et al. 2019

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Nutrient recovery from source-separated human urine has been identified by many as a viable avenue towards the circular economy of nutrients. Moreover, untreated (and partially treated) urine is the main anthropogenic route of environmental discharge of nutrients, most concerning for nitrogen, whose release has exceeded the planet’s own self-healing capacity. Urine contains all key macronutrients (N, P, and K) and micronutrients (S, Ca, Mg, and trace metals) needed for plant growth and is, therefore, an excellent fertilizer. However, direct reuse is not recommended in modern society due to the presence of active organic molecules and heavy metals in urine. Many systems have been proposed and tested for nutrient recovery from urine, but none so far has reached technological maturity due to usually high power or chemical requirements or the need for advanced process controls. This work is the proof of concept for the world’s first nutrient recovery system that powers itself and does not require any chemicals or process controls. This is a variation of the previously proposed microbial electrochemical Ugold process, where a novel air cathode catalyst active in urine conditions (pH 9, high ammonia) enables in situ generation of electricity in a microbial fuel cell setup, and the simultaneous harvesting of such electricity for the electrodialytic concentration of ionic nutrients into a product stream, which is free of heavy metals. The system was able to sustain electrical current densities around 3 A m–2 for over two months while simultaneously upconcentrating N and K by a factor of 1.5–1.7.

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Optimization of P compounds recovery from aerobic sludge by chemical modeling and response surface methodology combination

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

Nutrient Leaching Loss of Pre-Treated Struvite and Its Application in Sudan Grass Cultivation as an Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Fertilizer Source

Nutrient Leaching Loss of Pre-Treated Struvite and Its Application in Sudan Grass Cultivation as an Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Fertilizer Source

Optimization and reaction kinetics analysis for phosphorus removal in struvite precipitation process

Self-Powered Bioelectrochemical Nutrient Recovery for Fertilizer Generation from Human Urine

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