Optimization of neon soft X-ray yield in a low-energy dense plasma focus device

Malek, Md. Abdul; Islam, Md. Khairul; Akel, M.; Salahuddin, M.; Saw, S. H.; Lee, S.

doi:10.1142/s0217984919500775

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is good to compare the SPF device with cylindrical plasma focus devices in terms of soft x-ray yield efficiency. The following soft x-ray efficiencies in terms of the bank energy are obtained from cylindrical plasma focus devices: NX1 (4.5%) [45], NX2 (1.2%) [46], UNU/ICTF PFF (1.9%) [32], PF-SY1 (0.92%) [33,53], AECS-PF2 (0.75%) [34], 2.2 kJ PF (0.2%) [47], 3 kJ PF (0.1%) [48], 3.3 kJ PF (0.25%) [49], 1.8 kJ PF (1.55%) [17]. Comparing the efficiency of the SPF with cylindrical designs in terms of soft x-ray yield, we can see that these devices have similar efficiency of the soft x-ray yield.…”

Section: Soft X-ray Yield Optimization For Various Neon Gas Pressures...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is found that decreasing cylindrical anode length improves soft x-ray yield but using tapered anode did not improve soft x-ray yield in the device [30]. Static inductance, anode length, anode radius, and gas pressure are also investigated for neon soft x-ray yield optimization in plasma focus [31][32][33][34]. These studies show that there is an optimum gas pressure as well as an optimum static inductance when the optimum anode length and anode radius are used to increase soft x-ray yield in plasma focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neon soft x-ray yield optimization in spherical plasma focus device

2021

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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A spherical plasma focus (SPF) (KPU200 (Maslov 2014 Instrum. Exp. Tech. 57 131-4)) operated with neon is used for soft x-ray optimization in this work. This device with 135 kJ stored energy has 432 µF capacitor bank, 8 cm inner and 14.5 cm outer electrode radii. Inductance and charging voltage of this device are 36 nH and 25 kV. Optimization study is conducted with a spherical magnetohydrodynamics model. Soft x-ray optimization is done in four steps. In the first step, gas pressure is varied from 0.1 Torr until 10 Torr with small increments, and optimum gas pressure is found as 1.15 Torr with fixed anode and cathode radii (8 and 14.5 cm). Soft x-ray yield with optimum gas pressure alone is found to be 3046 J (2.26% of 135 kJ bank energy). Then anode and cathode radii are optimized separately and they are found as 8.458 and 11.1 cm, respectively. Soft x-ray yield with separately found optimum pressure, anode radius, and cathode radius (1.15 Torr, 8.458 cm, and 11.1 cm) is increased to 3543 J (2.63% of 135 kJ bank energy). In the second step, anode and cathode radii are optimized with respect to two fixed cathode-to-anode ratios (14.5/8 = 1.8125 and 11.1/8.458 = 1.3124) for various pressures ranging from 0.5 Torr until 4 Torr with 0.25 Torr increments. Soft x-ray yield of 4500 J (3.33% of 135 kJ bank energy) is calculated in this step at 0.5 Torr with cathode-to-anode ratio of 1.3124. In the third step, optimization of external inductance (ranging from 10 to 100 nH) is done for optimum soft x-ray yield. Soft x-ray yield in SPF reaches 4684 J (3.47% of 135 kJ bank energy) after optimizing external inductance (54 nH). In the last step, the effect of charging voltage on soft x-ray yield is investigated. Charging voltage is varied from 20 kV until 35 kV with 1 kV increments. After optimizing charging voltage (31 kV) in addition to the other optimum parameters, soft x-ray yield reaches 6348 J (3.07% of 207 kJ bank energy). Even though soft x-ray yield is increased with increasing charging voltage, soft x-ray yield as % of bank energy is decreased. The device also achieves maximum current of 1852 kA (4 Torr, 30 kV). Overall, soft x-ray yield is increased from 3046 J (with optimum pressure alone) to 6348 J after optimizing gas pressure, anode radius, cathode radius, external inductance, and charging voltage in SPF.

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Section: Soft X-ray Yield Optimization For Various Neon Gas Pressures...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neon soft x-ray yield optimization in spherical plasma focus device

2021

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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“…In order to increase the SXR yield in the cylindrical PF devices, optimization of the device parameters is necessary. For this purpose, cylindrical PF devices are investigated for different static inductances, anode length and radius, capacitor bank, and cathode radius [17][18][19]. After optimizing these parameters, SXR yield is studied with respect to gas pressure and it is found that there is also an optimum gas pressure point for SXR yield in cylindrical PF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spherical plasma focus operated with nitrogen and neon gases for soft x-rays (bremsstrahlung radiation, line radiation, and radiative recombination)

2021

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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X-ray emissions (bremsstrahlung radiation, line radiation, and radiative recombination) from spherical plasma focus (SPF) device are investigated with the developed spherical MHD model for nitrogen (N) and neon (Ne) gases with respect to gas pressure, which is varied from 0.1 Torr to 7 Torr. Ion density, plasma velocity, pinch temperature, and peak current are also calculated for N and Ne gases. The total capacitance, external inductance, charging voltage, and stored energy as the operational conditions of the SPF device in this study are 432 µF, 36 nH, 25 kV, and 135 kJ. The maximum current is achieved at 7 Torr for both N (1561 kA) and Ne (1525 kA). It is found that there is an optimum pressure point for both x-rays (bremsstrahlung radiation, line radiation, and radiative recombination) and the used gases (N and Ne), separately. While the optimum pressure of bremsstrahlung radiation for N and Ne gases are 0.9 Torr and 1 Torr, respectively, these optimum pressures of radiative recombination and line radiation are 1 Torr for N gas and 1.1 Torr for Ne gas, respectively. It is also found that line radiation constitutes the big portion of the soft x-ray (SXR) emissions from SPF device. Line radiations of N at 1 Torr and Ne at 1.1 Torr are 911 J (91% of total N SXRs) and 3036.5 J (93.1% of total Ne SXRs), respectively, which shows that SPF device can be considered as a good SXR source. Ion densities and peak currents at 7 Torr are calculated as 21.88 × 1023 m−3 with 1561 kA peak current for N gas and 15.98 × 1023 m−3 with 1525 kA peak current for Ne gas.

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Formation of 1 × 3 splitting by embedded double-layer reflective grating under second Bragg illumination

et al. 2019

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In order to obtain a [Formula: see text] grating with high performance, we designed a double-layer reflective grating beam splitter with a covering layer at a wavelength of 1550 nm. We obtain a better grating structure by modal analysis and rigorous coupled-wave method. The reflectivity of the three diffraction orders for the grating is close to 33.3%. The optimized data show that the grating beam splitter has a large period process tolerance for TE polarization. The grating performance has high incident performance and uniform splitting effect.

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Optimization of neon soft X-ray yield in a low-energy dense plasma focus device

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Neon soft x-ray yield optimization in spherical plasma focus device

Neon soft x-ray yield optimization in spherical plasma focus device

Spherical plasma focus operated with nitrogen and neon gases for soft x-rays (bremsstrahlung radiation, line radiation, and radiative recombination)

Formation of 1 × 3 splitting by embedded double-layer reflective grating under second Bragg illumination

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