Optimization of mango seed kernel oil extraction using response surface methodology

Abstract

-Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study the optimum condition of mango seed kernel oil (MSKO) extraction with n-hexane. In the present paper, for the first time, we provide an optimal condition of MSKO extraction to obtain the maximum of yield, total phenolic content (TPC) and vitamin E. The experiment was conducted using central composite design (CCD) consisted of twenty experimental points including six replicates of center points to study the effect of three independent variables: temperature, time and amount of n-hexane on dependent variables. Data were analyzed using Design-Expert 10 software. The result showed that the optimum condition of MSKO extraction were 54.19°C, 5.24 h and 224.23 mL of n-hexane. In this condition MSKO have yield of 7.03%, TPC of 67.77 mg GAE/g oil and vitamin E of 141.22 mg/L. These results suggest that MSKO has potential as raw materials of food products oil-based and as a natural antioxidant of functional food and for use in food processing.Keywords: mango seed kernel oil / oil extraction / total phenolic content / vitamin E / response surface methodology Résumé -Optimisation de l'extraction d'huile de noyau de mangue à l'aide de la méthodologie RSM.La méthodologie Response surface methodology (RSM) a été appliquée pour définir les conditions optimales d'extraction de l'huile de noyau de mangue avec du n-hexane. Dans le présent article, pour la première fois, est proposée une condition optimale d'extraction de l'huile de noyau de mangue afin d'optimiser le rendement, la teneur en phénols (total phenolic content ou TPC) et en vitamine E. L'expérience a été réalisée en utilisant plan d'expériences composite centré de vingt points expérimentaux avec six répétions de points centraux pour étudier l'effet de trois variables indépendantes : température, temps et quantité de n-hexane sur des variables dépendantes. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide du logiciel Design-Expert 10. Le résultat a montré que les conditions optimales d'extraction de l'huile de noyau de mangue étaient 54,19°C, 5,24 h et 224,23 ml de nhexane. Dans ces conditions, le rendement est de 7,03 %, la teneur TPC de 67,77 mg GAE/g d'huile et la concentration en vitamine E de 141,22 mg/L. Ces résultats soulignent le potentiel de l'huile de noyau de mangue en tant que matière première de produits alimentaires à base d'huile et en tant qu'antioxydant naturel des aliments fonctionnels et pour la transformation des aliments.

Physicochemical properties of mango kernel fats extracted from different mango varieties cultivated in Sabah, Malaysia

“…Malaysian Harumanis had higher total fat content than that of Indonesian Harumanis variety (7.03%) that has been extracted under optimized conditions by Mas'ud, Mahendradatta, Laga, and Zainal (2017). The variation could be due to the differences in the seasonal, climatic, maturity of the fruit, and geological conditions between the two countries (Jahurul et al, 2014).…”

“…The MKFs from the three varieties also had similar IV with palm oil (47.0-55.8 g I 2 /100 g) (Li et al, 2012) and were in the range of shea butter (36.6-65.0 g I 2 /100 g) (Adomako, 1977;Gunstone et al, 1994;Honfo, Akissoe, Linnemann, Soumanou, & Van Boekel, 2013) but higher than cocoa butter (34.0-38.4 g I 2 /100 g) (Jahurul et al, 2019), illipe butter (23.0-38.0 g I 2 /100 g) (Minifie, 2012;Rahman, Basri, Rahman, Rahman, & Salleh, 2011), and sal butter (32.1-41.0 g I 2 /100 g) (Kumar et al, 2016). These fats have low IV implied that they have higher content of saturated fatty acids, higher degree of hardness, better oxidation resistance, and greater storage stability than the MKFs (Mas'ud et al, 2017). The IV of the MKFs should be reduced in order to improve its suitability as CBE.…”

The effects of solution type temperature and time on antioxidant capacity of osmotically dried celery leaves

“…3, where the lack of fit represents other contributions of the higher order terms. A significant lack of fit generally shows that the model failed to represent the data in the experimental domain at which points were not included in the regression [33]. All SOP models had an insignificant lack of fit tests, which means that all the models represented the data satisfactorily.…”

Model development to enhance the solvent extraction of rice bran oil

“…In the extraction process, an optimum point will be reached. Mas'ud et al (2017) conducted a study of the effects of extraction time, temperature, and volume of solvent in mango seed kernel oil extraction above room temperature, they reported that the variables had a significant effect on oil yield. Effect of the combination of reactions between variable time and temperature at high-level experimental process will obviously result in a decrease in oil yield.…”