Optimising the FAMOUS climate model: inclusion of global carbon cycling

Williams, J.; Smith, Robin S.; Valdes, Paul J.; Booth, Ben B. B.; Osprey, Annette

doi:10.5194/gmd-6-141-2013

Cited by 26 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…At the University of Bristol, we have mainly used MOSES2.1, with MOSES2.2 only being used in a few specific contexts such as for investigating changes in atmospheric chemistry Beerling et al, 2011) because it can include additional parameterisations of isoprene emissions. MOSES2.2 can also be used in FAMOUS (Williams et al, 2013), though the majority of FAMOUS publications have used MOSES1.…”

Section: Moses2mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Understanding natural and anthropogenic climate change processes involves using computational models that represent the main components of the Earth system: the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and land surface. These models have become increasingly computationally expensive as resolution is increased and more complex process representations are included. However, to gain robust insight into how climate may respond to a given forcing, and to meaningfully quantify the associated uncertainty, it is often required to use either or both ensemble approaches and very long integrations. For this reason, more computationally efficient models can be very valuable tools. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of the suite of climate models based around the HadCM3 coupled general circulation model. This model was developed at the UK Met Office and has been heavily used during the last 15 years for a range of future (and past) climate change studies, but has now been largely superseded for many scientific studies by more recently developed models. However, it continues to be extensively used by various institutions, including the BRIDGE (Bristol Research Initiative for the Dynamic Global Environment) research group at the University of Bristol, who have made modest adaptations to the base HadCM3 model over time. These adaptations mean that the original documentation is not entirely representative, and several other relatively undocumented configurations are in use. We therefore describe the key features of a number of configurations of the HadCM3 climate model family, which together make up HadCM3@Bristol version 1.0. In order to differentiate variants that have undergone development at BRIDGE, we have introduced the letter B into the model nomenclature. We include descriptions of the atmosphere-only model (HadAM3B), the coupled model with a low-resolution ocean (HadCM3BL), the high-resolution atmosphere-only model (HadAM3BH), and the regional model (HadRM3B). These also include three versions of the land surface scheme. By comparing withPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. observational datasets, we show that these models produce a good representation of many aspects of the climate system, including the land and sea surface temperatures, precipitation, ocean circulation, and vegetation. This evaluation, combined with the relatively fast computational speed (up to 1000 times faster than some CMIP6 models), motivates continued development and scientific use of the HadCM3B family of coupled climate models, predominantly for quantifying uncertainty and for long multi-millennial-scale simulations.

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Section: Moses2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Roberts et al, 2014). FAMOUS now also includes a marine carbon cycle (HadOCC) (Williams et al, 2013) and an oceanic oxygen cycle , allowing direct comparisons to biogeochemical cycles.…”

Section: Summary and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

et al. 2017

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“…FAMOUS is a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM based on the higher resolution HadCM3 (Gordon et al 2000;Pope et al 2000), a configuration of the UM version 4.5 (UM4.5; Jones et al 2005;Smith et al 2008;Smith 2012;Williams et al 2013). The atmospheric component of FAMOUS is based on primitive equations and has a horizontal resolution of 7.5° × 5°, 11 vertical levels, and 1-h timestep.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models allow multimillennial climate simulations to be conducted whilst still allowing considerable detail in the complexity of the feedbacks between different Earth system processes. Examples include FAMOUS (Jones et al 2005;Smith et al 2008;Williams et al 2013), the CSIRO Mk3L climate system model (Phipps et al 2011), and low-resolution versions of CCSM3 (Yeager et al 2006) and the GFDL coupled climate model (Dixon et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean circulation drifts in multi-millennial climate simulations: the role of salinity corrections and climate feedbacks

et al. 2018

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Low-resolution, complex general circulation models (GCMs) are valuable tools for studying the Earth system on multimillennial timescales. However, slowly evolving salinity drifts can cause large shifts in climatic and oceanic regimes over thousands of years. We test two different schemes for neutralising unforced salinity drifts in the FAMOUS GCM: surface flux correction and volumetric flux correction. Although both methods successfully maintain a steady global mean salinity, local drifts and subsequent feedbacks promote cooling (≈ 4 °C over 6000 years) and freshening (≈ 2 psu over 6000 years) in the North Atlantic Ocean, and gradual warming (≈ 0.2 °C per millennium) and salinification (≈ 0.15 psu per millennium) in the North Pacific Ocean. Changes in the surface density in these regions affect the meridional overturning circulation (MOC), such that, after several millennia, the Atlantic MOC (AMOC) is in a collapsed state, and there is a strong, deep Pacific MOC (PMOC). Furthermore, the AMOC exhibits a period of metastability, which is only identifiable with run lengths in excess of 1500 years. We also compare simulations with two different land surface schemes, demonstrating that small biases in the surface climate may cause regional salinity drifts and significant shifts in the MOC (weakening of the AMOC and the initiation then invigoration of PMOC), even when the global hydrological cycle has been forcibly closed. Although there is no specific precursor to the simulated AMOC collapse, the northwest North Pacific and northeast North Atlantic are important areas that should be closely monitored for trends arising from such biases.

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“…The coupled model PLASIM-GENIE has been developed to join the limited number of models that bridge the gap between EMICs with simplified atmospheric dynamics and state of the art Atmosphere-Ocean General Climate Models (AOGCMs). We are aware of three AOGCMs of comparable complexity with primitive-equation atmospheric dynamics: FAMOUS (Fast Met Office/UK Universities Simulator), the reduced resolution implementation of the Hadley Centre Coupled Model (HadCM3), which simulates 1000 years in approximately 10 days on eight CPUs (Williams et al, 2013), SPEEDO (Speedy-Ocean), comprising a T30 spectral atmosphere with simplified parameterisations (Molteni, 2003) coupled to a primitive-equation ocean model, which simulates 1000 years in approximately 2 weeks on a 3 GHz dual core Intel E6850 CPU (Severijns and Hazeleger, 2010) and OSUVic (Oregon State University Victoria), a coupling of PLASIM to the UVic Earth system model (Schmittner et al, 2010). A 1000-year simulation with PLASIM-GENIE requires approximately 2 weeks on a single node of a 2.1 GHz AMD 6172 CPU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLASIM–GENIE v1.0: a new intermediate complexity AOGCM

et al. 2016

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Abstract. We describe the development, tuning and climate of Planet Simulator (PLASIM)-Grid-ENabled Integrated Earth system model (GENIE), a new intermediate complexity Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (AOGCM), built by coupling the Planet Simulator to the ocean, sea-ice and land-surface components of the GENIE Earth system model. PLASIM-GENIE supersedes GENIE-2, a coupling of GENIE to the Reading Intermediate General Circulation Model (IGCM). The primitive-equation atmosphere includes chaotic, three-dimensional (3-D) motion and interactive radiation and clouds, and dominates the computational load compared to the relatively simpler frictionalgeostrophic ocean, which neglects momentum advection. The model is most appropriate for long-timescale or large ensemble studies where numerical efficiency is prioritised, but lack of data necessitates an internally consistent, coupled calculation of both oceanic and atmospheric fields. A 1000-year simulation with PLASIM-GENIE requires approximately 2 weeks on a single node of a 2.1 GHz AMD 6172 CPU. We demonstrate the tractability of PLASIM-GENIE ensembles by deriving a subjective tuning of the model with a 50-member ensemble of 1000-year simulations. The simulated climate is presented considering (i) global fields of seasonal surface air temperature, precipitation, wind, solar and thermal radiation, with comparisons to reanalysis data; (ii) vegetation carbon, soil moisture and aridity index; and (iii) sea surface temperature, salinity and ocean circulation. Considering its resolution, PLASIM-GENIE reproduces the main features of the climate system well and demonstrates usefulness for a wide range of applications.

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Optimising the FAMOUS climate model: inclusion of global carbon cycling

Cited by 26 publications

References 32 publications

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

The BRIDGE HadCM3 family of climate models: HadCM3@Bristol v1.0

Ocean circulation drifts in multi-millennial climate simulations: the role of salinity corrections and climate feedbacks

PLASIM–GENIE v1.0: a new intermediate complexity AOGCM

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