Optical Networking Technologies That Will Create Future Bandwidth-Abundant Networks [Invited]

Sato, Ken-ichi; Hasegawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.1364/jocn.1.000a81

Cited by 136 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The requirements are different from core and metro networking. Given this background, large port count and cost-effective OXCs/ROADMs are essential [86]. They are needed for grooming in the opticalpath layer, as grooming in the electrical layer, the current approach, is not always efficient.…”

Section: Future Directions On Optical Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Oki

Wada

Okamoto

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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SUMMARY This paper presents past and recent trends of optical networks and addresses the future directions. First, we describe path networks with the historical backgrounds and trends. path networks have advanced by using various multiplexing technologies. They include time-division multiplexing (TDM), asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), and wavelengthdivision multiplexing (WDM). ATM was later succeeded to multi-protocol label switching (MPLS). Second, we present generalized MPLS technologies (GMPLS). In GMPLS, the label concept of MPLS is extended to other labels used in TDM, WDM, and fiber networks. GMPLS enables network operators to serve networks deployed by different technologies with a common protocol suite of GMPLS. Third, we describe multi-layer traffic engineering and a path computation element (PCE). Multi-layer traffic engineering designs and controls networks considering resource usages of more than one layer. This leads to use network resources more efficiently than the single-layer traffic engineering adopted independently for each layer. PCE is defined as a network element that computes paths, which are used for traffic engineering. Then, we address software-defined networks, which put the designed network functions into the programmable data plane by way of the management plane. We describe the evaluation from GMPLS to software defined networking (SDN) and transport SDN. Fifth, we describe the advanced devices and switches for optical networks. Finally, we address advances in networking technologies and future directions on optical networking.

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Section: Future Directions On Optical Networkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Oki

Wada

Okamoto

et al. 2017

IEICE Trans. Commun.

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“…For efficiently utilising such high-speed future network technologies, it is critical that there is crosslayer coordination with new inter-domain transport, switching, and routing protocols [10].…”

Section: Leveraging Lower Layer Transport Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Content, connectivity, and cloud: ingredients for the network of the future

et al. 2011

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A new network architecture for the Internet needs ingredients from three approaches:information-centric networking, cloud computing integrated with networking, and open connectivity. Information-centric networking considers pieces of information as first-class entities of a networking architecture, rather than only indirectly identifying and manipulating them via a node hosting that information; this way, information becomes independent from the devices they are stored in, enabling efficient and application-independent information caching in the network. Cloud networking offers a combination and integration of cloud computing and virtual networking. It is a solution that distributes the benefits of cloud computing more deeply into the network, and provides a tighter integration of virtualisation features at computing and networking levels. To support these concepts, open connectivity services need to provide advanced transport and networking mechanisms, making use of network and path diversity (even leveraging direct optical paths) and encoding techniques, and dealing with ubiquitous mobility of user, content and information objects in a unified way.

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“…A key element in resolving this issue is wavelength routing, which would break the throughput limitation of electrical routers due to their power consumption [1]. Optical cross connect (OXC) is essential in implementing wavelength routing [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel silica waveguide lens for free-space optical cross connects

Idris

Sorimoto

Tsuda

2012

IEICE Electron. Express

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A novel silica waveguide lens is proposed for use in freespace optical cross connects. It comprises a core-cladding stripe structure that acts as a phase modulator in the lens region. Beam propagation method (BPM) simulation results show that the phase is greatly similar to the approximated profile calculated by ray tracing. However, higher modes due to the rough lens profile leads to energy loss of below 0.8 dB. Further losses are expected from scattering due to the elimination of vertical beam confinement. The collimator also shows low wavelength and polarization dependence.

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Optical Networking Technologies That Will Create Future Bandwidth-Abundant Networks [Invited]

Cited by 136 publications

References 12 publications

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Optical Networking Paradigm: Past, Recent Trends and Future Directions

Content, connectivity, and cloud: ingredients for the network of the future

A novel silica waveguide lens for free-space optical cross connects

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