Optical bistability and hysteresis of a thin layer of resonant emitters: Interplay of inhomogeneous broadening of the absorption line and the Lorentz local field

Malikov, R. F.; Малышев, В. А.

doi:10.1134/s0030400x17060121

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As follows from Fig. 1, the system, similarly to the two-level model [3,4], demonstrates hysteresis: a sudden switching from one stable state to the other one, occurring at different magnitudes of the external field E0. In other words, it is bistable.…”

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confidence: 76%

Nonlinear optical response of a 2D quantum dot supercrystal

2017

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Abstract. We investigate theoretically the nonlinear optical response of a two-dimensional supercrystal comprized of semiconductor quantum dots. An isolated quantum dot is modeled as a three-level ladder-like system with ground, one-exciton, and biexciton states. It is shown that the optical response of supercrystal demonstrate a rich nonlinear dynamics, including bistability, self-oscillations, and dynamical chaos. Supercrystals (SCs) comprising semiconductor quantum dots (SQDs) represent a class of new materials not existing in nature. Modern nanotechnology has in its disposal a variety of methods to design such systems [1]. Optical properties of SCs depend on the SQD's size, shape, and chemical composition, as well as on the lattice geometry and can be easily controlled [2].We conduct a theoretical study of the optical response of a two-dimensional SC. Due to a high density of SQDs in the SC, the SQD-SQD dipole-dipole interaction plays an important role in the SC's optical response, both linear and nonlinear. This interaction provides a positive feedback which, together with the SQD's nonlinearity, results in a rich optical dynamics of SC, including bistability, self-oscillations, and dynamical chaos.It is assumed that the SC undergoes an action of an external field of an amplitude Е0 and frequency ω0, which is quasiresonant with the SQD allowed transitions. A single SQD is modelled as a three-level ladder-like quantum system with the ground |1⟩, one-exciton |2⟩, and bi-exction |3⟩ states. Only the optical transitions |1⟩↔ |2⟩ and |2⟩↔|3⟩ are dipoleallowed. They are characterized by the transition dipole moments d21 and d32, transition frequencies ω21 and ω32, and the spontaneous decay constants γ21 and γ32. The frequency ω32 is down-shifted with respect to ω21 by an amount ΔB being the biexciton binding energy.The optical dynamics of an isolated SQD is governed by 3x3 density matrix. The field acting on a given SQD in the SC represents a sum of the external field and the field produced by all others SQDs in place of the given one. In this way, the total (retarded) dipole-dipole interaction is taken into account. As the mean dipole moment of an SQD depends on how strong the SQD is excited, the SQD-SQD interaction appears to depend on the current SQD's condition as well. Similar to a one-dimensional case [3], the near-zone part of the retarded SQD-SQD dipole-dipole interaction gives rise to a dynamic shift of the transition frequencies

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confidence: 76%

Nonlinear optical response of a 2D quantum dot supercrystal

2017

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confidence: 99%

“…As is well known, for such systems, the local field correction (LFC) to the field acting on an emitter is of importance [2,3]. The basis of our model consists of equations for the density matrix elements ρab (a,b = 1,2) of a two-level emitter and the field E inside the slab, which in the rotating wave approximation reads [2,3] (1) , ) (Here, R is the amplitude of the off-diagonal density matrix element ρab = -(i/2)Re -iωt ; Z = ρ22 -ρ11; Γ1 and Γ2 are the relaxation constants of the population and coherence, respectively; Ω0 = dE0/ħ and Ω = dE/ħ are the external field E0 and the field E inside the slab in frequency units; d is the transition dipole moment of the emitter; ħ is the reduced Plank constant; Δ = ω -ω21 is the detuning away from resonance of an isolated emitter, ω21; Γ = 2πd 2 N0kL/ħ is the superradiant constant [2,3] …”

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confidence: 99%

“…Here, R is the amplitude of the off-diagonal density matrix element ρab = -(i/2)Re -iωt ; Z = ρ22 -ρ11; Γ1 and Γ2 are the relaxation constants of the population and coherence, respectively; Ω0 = dE0/ħ and Ω = dE/ħ are the external field E0 and the field E inside the slab in frequency units; d is the transition dipole moment of the emitter; ħ is the reduced Plank constant; Δ = ω -ω21 is the detuning away from resonance of an isolated emitter, ω21; Γ = 2πd 2 N0kL/ħ is the superradiant constant [2,3] and ΔL = Examples of numerical calculations of the optical response of the TRS are presented in Fig. 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multichannel all–optical switch based on a thin slab of resonant two–level emitters

Malikov

Малышев

2017

EPJ Web Conf.

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Abstract.We discuss the possibility of using a thin layer of inhomogeneously broadened resonant emitters as a multichannel all-optical switch. Switching time from the lower stable branch of the system's bistable characteristics to the upper one and vice versa, which determines the speed of operation of a bistable device, is studied.Bistability of an optical system is an extraordinary nonlinear effect, the essence of which is that the system has two stable states of transmission at the same value of the external field [1]. This phenomenon is of ongoing interest for optical technologies, in particular, for creation of fully optical switches, optical transistors, and optical memoryIn this work, we model the optical response of a thin resonant slab (TRS) of thickness L with inhomogeneously broadened two-level emitters of density N0. As is well known, for such systems, the local field correction (LFC) to the field acting on an emitter is of importance [2,3]. The basis of our model consists of equations for the density matrix elements ρab (a,b = 1,2) of a two-level emitter and the field E inside the slab, which in the rotating wave approximation reads [2,3] (1) , ) (Here, R is the amplitude of the off-diagonal density matrix element ρab = -(i/2)Re -iωt ; Z = ρ22 -ρ11; Γ1 and Γ2 are the relaxation constants of the population and coherence, respectively; Ω0 = dE0/ħ and Ω = dE/ħ are the external field E0 and the field E inside the slab in frequency units; d is the transition dipole moment of the emitter; ħ is the reduced Plank constant; Δ = ω -ω21 is the detuning away from resonance of an isolated emitter, ω21; Γ = 2πd 2 N0kL/ħ is the superradiant constant [2,3]

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“…The field Ω, acting on a given QE in the monolayer, represents a sum of the external field Ω0 and the field produced by all other QEs in place of the given one. The near-zone (far-zone) part of the QE-QE interaction gives rise to a dynamic shift of the transition frequencies ω21 and ω32 (collective radiative relaxation of QEs), depending on the population difference of corresponding transitions [1,2], governing by the constants ΔL (shift) and γR (relaxation).…”

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confidence: 99%