Optical absorption characteristics of brown carbon aerosols during the KORUS-AQ campaign at an urban site

Park, Seungshik; Yu, Geun-Hye; S, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.12.002

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…1). The BB aerosols in this study had a higher MAE 365 value than those in other controlled BB experiments, while it was comparable to corn straw burning emissions (Park and Yu, 2016;Fan et al, 2016). Further, the simulated BB aerosols exhibited a higher MAE 365 value than those in highly BB-impacted areas (Hecobian et al, 2010), indicating that the aging in the transport process could reduce the light absorption (Dasari et al, 2019).…”

Section: Emission Characteristics and Light Absorption Of Extractssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…Comparison of MAE 365 in the WSOC fraction of source emission aerosols with the other studies. The references were listed as follows: Liu et al, 2018;Mo et al, 2018;Yan et al, 2015;Cheng et al, 2011;Cheng et al, 2016;Xie et al, 2019;Hecobian et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2013;Park et al, 2018;Wu et al, 2019;Fan et al, 2016;Park and Yu, 2016;Chen et al, 2018. :…”

Section: Uv-vis Absorption Spectra and Eem Fluorescence Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular compositions and optical properties of dissolved brown carbon in biomass burning, coal combustion, and vehicle emission aerosols illuminated by excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis

et al. 2020

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Abstract. Brown carbon (BrC) plays an essential impact on radiative forcing due to its ability to absorb sunlight. In this study, the optical properties and molecular characteristics of water-soluble and methanol-soluble organic carbon (OC; MSOC) emitted from the simulated combustion of biomass and coal fuels and vehicle emissions were investigated using ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI). The results showed that these smoke aerosol samples from biomass burning (BB) and coal combustion (CC) had a higher mass absorption efficiency at 365 nm (MAE365) than vehicle emission samples. A stronger MAE365 value was also found in MSOC than water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), indicating low polar compounds would possess a higher light absorption capacity. Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis identified six types of fluorophores (P1–6) in WSOC including two humic-like substances (HULIS-1) (P1 and P6), three protein-like substances (PLOM) (P2, P3, and P5), and one undefined substance (P4). HULIS-1 was mainly from aging vehicle exhaust particles; P2 was only abundant in BB aerosols; P3 was ubiquitous in all tested aerosols; P4 was abundant in fossil burning aerosols; and P5 was more intense in fresh vehicle exhaust particles. The MSOC chromophores (six components; C1–6) exhibited consistent characteristics with WSOC, suggesting the method could be used to indicate the origins of chromophores. FT-ICR mass spectra showed that CHO and CHON were the most abundant components of WSOC, but S-containing compounds appeared in a higher abundance in CC aerosols and vehicle emissions than BB aerosols, while considerably fewer S-containing compounds largely with CHO and CHON were detected in MSOC. The unique formulas of different sources in the van Krevelen (VK) diagram presented different molecular distributions. To be specific, BB aerosols with largely CHO and CHON had a medium H ∕ C and low O ∕ C ratio, while CC aerosols and vehicle emissions largely with S-containing compounds had an opposite H ∕ C and O ∕ C ratio. Moreover, the light absorption capacity of WSOC and MSOC was positively associated with the unsaturation degree and molecular weight in the source aerosols. The above results are potentially applicable to further studies on the EEM-based or molecular-characteristic-based source apportionment of chromophores in atmospheric aerosols.

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Section: Emission Characteristics and Light Absorption Of Extractssupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Uv-vis Absorption Spectra and Eem Fluorescence Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular compositions and optical properties of dissolved brown carbon in biomass burning, coal combustion, and vehicle emission aerosols illuminated by excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis

et al. 2020

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“…The lower WSOC fractions in OC during winter could be attributed to enhanced emissions from coal combustion and motor vehicles which produce a large fraction of water-insoluble organics (Dai et al, 2015;Daellenbach et al, 2016;Yan et al, 2017). Abs365,MSOC is approximately 2 times (range 1.7-2.3) higher than Abs365,WSOC, which is similar to the results measured in Beijing (Cheng et al, 2016), southeastern Tibetan Plateau (Zhu et al, 2018), Gwangju, Korea (Park et al, 2018) and the Research Triangle Park, USA (Xie et al, 2019), indicating that the optical properties of BrC could be largely underestimated when using water as the extracting solvent.…”

Section: Source Apportionment Of Brcsupporting

confidence: 80%

Characterization of the light absorbing properties, chromophores composition and sources of brown carbon aerosol in Xi'an, Northwest China

Wang¹,

Huang²,

Yang³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The impact of brown carbon aerosol (BrC) on the Earth's radiative forcing balance has been widely recognized but remains uncertain, mainly because the relationships among BrC sources, chromophores, and optical properties of aerosol are poorly understood. In this work, the light absorption properties and chromophore composition of BrC were investigated for samples collected in Xi'an, Northwest China from 2015 to 2016. Both absorption &#197;ngstro&#776;m exponent and mass absorption efficiency show distinct seasonal differences, which could be attributed to the differences in sources and chromophore composition of BrC. Three groups of light-absorbing organics were found to be important BrC chromophores, including those show multiple absorption peaks at wavelength >&#8201;350&#8201;nm (12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives) and those show single absorption peak at wavelength <&#8201;350&#8201;nm (10 nitrophenols and nitrosalicylic acids and 3 methoxyphenols). These measured BrC chromophores show distinct seasonal differences and contribute on average about 1.1&#8201;% and 3.3&#8201;% of light absorption of methanol-soluble BrC at 365&#8201;nm in summer and winter, respectively, about 7 and 5 times higher than the corresponding carbon mass fractions in total organic carbon. The sources of BrC were resolved by positive matrix factorization (PMF) using these chromophores instead of commonly used non-light absorbing organic markers as model inputs. Our results show that in spring vehicular emissions and secondary formation are major sources of BrC (~&#8201;70&#8201;%), in fall coal combustion and vehicular emissions are major sources (~&#8201;70&#8201;%), in winter biomass burning and coal combustion become major sources (~&#8201;80&#8201;%), while in summer secondary BrC dominates (~&#8201;60&#8201;%).</p>

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“…These efforts include the launching of joint research groups between South Korea and China, the operation of long-range transboundary air pollutant (LTP) projects among South Korea, Japan, and China, 12,13 and discussions at the Tripartite Environment Ministers Meeting and Korea-United States Air Quality Campaign. 14,15 The South Korean government is in the process of expanding its ground observation network used for monitoring air quality. It has also been performing episodic aerial monitoring to efficiently establish and enforce air quality policies, and to acquire fundamental scientific data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing the geostationary environment monitoring spectrometer

Choi

Moon

Yoon

et al. 2018

J. Appl. Rem. Sens.

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To consistently observe deteriorating air quality over East Asia, the National Institute of Environmental Research, Republic of Korea, is planning to launch an environmental observation sensor, the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), onboard the GK-2B satellite (a successor to the GeoKOMPSAT-1) in late 2019. GEMS is a hyperspectral spectrometer that covers the ultraviolet-visible range (300 to 500 nm) with full-width at halfmaximum of 0.6 nm. It has been designed for the observation of air pollutants and short-lived climate pollutants. GEMS captures images at hourly intervals in the daytime, alternating with the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager-II every 30 min. Over the Seoul Special Metropolitan area, South Korea, the spatial sampling resolution of GEMS is 3.5 × 8 km (north-south and east-west, respectively). There are 16 baseline products, including aerosol optical depth and the vertical column density of trace gases such as nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, formaldehyde, and ozone. Research continues into additional applications (e.g., ground-level concentrations and emissions). © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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Optical absorption characteristics of brown carbon aerosols during the KORUS-AQ campaign at an urban site

Cited by 52 publications

References 53 publications

Molecular compositions and optical properties of dissolved brown carbon in biomass burning, coal combustion, and vehicle emission aerosols illuminated by excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis

Molecular compositions and optical properties of dissolved brown carbon in biomass burning, coal combustion, and vehicle emission aerosols illuminated by excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analysis

Characterization of the light absorbing properties, chromophores composition and sources of brown carbon aerosol in Xi'an, Northwest China

Introducing the geostationary environment monitoring spectrometer

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