Optic Nystagmus

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: the role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987; Dodge, 1930). More important, as in Exp 1, target motion direction remained constant within a block, an anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987;Dodge, 1930).…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: the role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987; Dodge, 1930). More important, as in Exp 1, target motion direction remained constant within a block, an anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987;Dodge, 1930).…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: The role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, especially for the lowest target speed (v11c). The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed (v33c) is consistent with previous studies ( Carl & Gellman, 1987 ; Dodge, 1930 ). As in Experiment 1A, target motion direction remained constant within a block; thus a robust anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

Manual tracking enhances smooth pursuit eye movements

“…Both these observations show that the unpredictable target motion used in our study did not allow for the formation of an internal model of the target position to predict upcoming target position errors and preemptively program corrective saccades. Third, the phase lead at the lowest three frequencies observed in the Bode plots of the smooth pursuit eye movements is consistent with previously reported observations that smooth pursuit generates lead at low target motion frequencies (e.g., Collewijn & Tamminga, 1984;Dodge, Travis, & Fox, 1930;Drischel, 1958;Stark et al, 1962;Westheimer, 1954;Xia & Barnes, 1999). To ensure that smooth pursuit eye movements were not driven by a predictive mechanism in the current study, we assessed the time lag of smooth pursuit by cross-correlating the eye with the target velocity traces in each trial.…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: the role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987; Dodge, 1930). More important, as in Exp 1, target motion direction remained constant within a block, an anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987;Dodge, 1930).…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: The role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, especially for the lowest target speed (v11c). The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed (v33c) is consistent with previous studies ( Carl & Gellman, 1987 ; Dodge, 1930 ). As in Experiment 1A, target motion direction remained constant within a block; thus a robust anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

Manual tracking enhances smooth pursuit eye movements

“…Both these observations show that the unpredictable target motion used in our study did not allow for the formation of an internal model of the target position to predict upcoming target position errors and preemptively program corrective saccades. Third, the phase lead at the lowest three frequencies observed in the Bode plots of the smooth pursuit eye movements is consistent with previously reported observations that smooth pursuit generates lead at low target motion frequencies (e.g., Collewijn & Tamminga, 1984;Dodge, Travis, & Fox, 1930;Drischel, 1958;Stark et al, 1962;Westheimer, 1954;Xia & Barnes, 1999). To ensure that smooth pursuit eye movements were not driven by a predictive mechanism in the current study, we assessed the time lag of smooth pursuit by cross-correlating the eye with the target velocity traces in each trial.…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: the role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987; Dodge, 1930). More important, as in Exp 1, target motion direction remained constant within a block, an anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, at least for the lowest speed (v11) and the highest P(v33) value. The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed is consistent with previous studies (Carl & Gellman, 1987;Dodge, 1930).…”

Anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements scale with the probability of visual motion: The role of target speed and acceleration

“…Final pursuit velocity matches target velocity, especially for the lowest target speed (v11c). The fact that steady-state eye velocity gain remained lower than 1 for the fastest target speed (v33c) is consistent with previous studies ( Carl & Gellman, 1987 ; Dodge, 1930 ). As in Experiment 1A, target motion direction remained constant within a block; thus a robust anticipatory pursuit response was always observed.…”

Manual tracking enhances smooth pursuit eye movements

“…Both these observations show that the unpredictable target motion used in our study did not allow for the formation of an internal model of the target position to predict upcoming target position errors and preemptively program corrective saccades. Third, the phase lead at the lowest three frequencies observed in the Bode plots of the smooth pursuit eye movements is consistent with previously reported observations that smooth pursuit generates lead at low target motion frequencies (e.g., Collewijn & Tamminga, 1984;Dodge, Travis, & Fox, 1930;Drischel, 1958;Stark et al, 1962;Westheimer, 1954;Xia & Barnes, 1999). To ensure that smooth pursuit eye movements were not driven by a predictive mechanism in the current study, we assessed the time lag of smooth pursuit by cross-correlating the eye with the target velocity traces in each trial.…”