Opportunities and Challenges for Error Correction Scheme for Wireless Body Area Network—A Survey

Abstract

This paper offers a review of different types of Error Correction Scheme (ECS) used in communication systems in general, which is followed by a summary of the IEEE standard for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). The possible types of channels and network models for WBAN are presented that are crucial to the design and implementation of ECS. Following that, a literature review on the proposed ECSs for WBAN is conducted based on different aspects. One aspect of the review is to examine what type of parameters are considered during the research work. The second aspect of the review is to analyse how the reliability is measured and whether the research works consider the different types of reliability and delay requirement for different data types or not. The review indicates that the current literatures do not utilize the constraints that are faced by WBAN nodes during ECS design. Subsequently, we put forward future research challenges and opportunities on ECS design and the implementation for WBAN when considering computational complexity and the energy-constrained nature of nodes.

An Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Reliable Data Transmission in Wireless Body Area Networks

“…The network throughput refers to the successful data transmitted to the destination [36]. Figure 6 shows that the throughput of the proposed protocol in contrast to PERA and NEW-ATTEMPT.…”

Opportunities and Challenges for Error Control Schemes for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Review

“…We loosely group ECSs used in WSN into five categories and Figure 1 exhibits a broad classification of ECSs for WSN error correction context. The structure of this paper and content of this section is similar to our previous paper [10]:…”

“…A communication link of a single hop wireless link between two nodes is illustrated in Figure 11 [63][64][65]. The energy consumption by sensor node for sending l bits over a single hop wireless link of distance d incorporating encoding and decoding energy consumption can be expressed as in Equation (10) [63,64]: e(l, d) = (e t (l, d) + P tst T tst + e Enc ) + (e r (l) + P rst T rst + e Dec ) (10) where e t (l, d) is the energy spent by the transmitter electronics, P tst T tst is the start-up energy of the transmitter (e st ), e Enc is the encoding energy cost per frame, e r (l) is the energy spent by the receiver electronics, P rst T rst is the start-up energy of the receiver (e sr ) and e Dec is the decoding energy per frame. Equation (10) is valid for both coded and uncoded systems.…”

Special Issue: Empowering eHealth with Smart Internet of Things (IoT) Medical Devices

“…Six papers have been selected in this special issue that respond to questions raised [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The first paper, entitled "Design, Fabrication, and Testing of an Internet Connected Intravenous Drip Monitoring Device" submitted by researchers from German universities, presents a monitoring system retro-fittable for existing Intravenous (IV) infusion setup that leverages human based estimations of time required by an IV bottle to empty, which makes the IV therapy vulnerable to human error [1].…”

“…This paper presents a review of different schemas to improve the quality of communications in The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). Hence, it presents how to deal with different types of reliability and delay requirements for different applications [4]. It presents future research challenges and opportunities on Error Correction Scheme (ECS) design and the implementation for WBAN when considering computational complexity and the energy-constrained nature of nodes that are related to questions Q1 and Q4.…”