Opium Usage and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Singh, Garima; Jaiswal, Abhishek; Goel, Akhil Dhanesh; Raghav, Pankaja

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.3.661

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…We also conducted an appraisal of the most important aspects of study quality, and documented a lack of cumulative exposure information, which might be further explored in future studies of opium consumption and cancer risk. Although other meta-analyses have been recently published on opium consumption and cancer risk [10][11][12][13][14], our systematic review is the most up to date, and has carefully considered a range of methodological sources of bias in findings, according to domains of study quality assessment defined by the IARC Monographs volume 126 Working Group.…”

Section: Random Effects Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we aimed to supplement the recent qualitative IARC cancer hazard evaluation by conducting an extended systematic review and a quantitative meta-analytic assessment of the role of opium consumption and risk for selected cancers, including cancers of the urinary bladder, larynx, lung, oesophagus, stomach, and pancreas [9]. This analysis therefore represents the most comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to date [10][11][12][13][14]. We specifically considered in detail exposure assessment quality, and the impact of various potential methodological sources of bias and confounding on meta-analytic findings according to a registered protocol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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The carcinogenicity of opium consumption was recently evaluated by a Working Group convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). We supplement the recent IARC evaluation by conducting an extended systematic review as well as a quantitative meta-analytic assessment of the role of opium consumption and risk for selected cancers, evaluating in detail various aspects of study quality on meta-analytic findings. We searched the published literature to identify all relevant studies on opium consumption and risk of selected cancers in humans through 31 October, 2022. Meta-relative risks (mRRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models for studies of cancer of the urinary bladder, larynx, lung, oesophagus, pancreas, and stomach. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. We assessed study quality and conducted sensitivity analyses to evaluate the impact of potential reverse causation, protopathic bias, selection bias, information bias, and confounding. In total, 2 prospective cohort studies and 33 case–control studies were included. The overall pooled mRR estimated for ‘ever or regular’ versus ‘never’ use of opium ranged from 1.50 (95% CI 1.13–1.99, I2 = 0%, 6 studies) for oesophageal cancer to 7.97 (95% CI 4.79–13.3, I2 = 62%, 7 studies) for laryngeal cancer. Analyses of cumulative opium exposure suggested greater risk of cancer associated with higher opium consumption. Findings were robust in sensitivity analyses excluding studies prone to potential methodological sources of biases and confounding. Findings support an adverse association between opium consumption and cancers of the urinary bladder, larynx, lung, oesophagus, pancreas and stomach.

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Section: Random Effects Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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“…In Iran, a case-control study found a significant relationship between opium addiction and OSCC, with an OR of 4 CI [1.2-13.6] [83], and a recent meta-analysis found a four-fold rise in the risk of head and neck cancer among opium users compared to non-users [84].…”

Section: Other Addictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors: State of the Art

Nokovitch

Taihi

Roussel

et al. 2023

JCM

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Head and neck (HN) squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) originate from the epithelial cells of the mucosal linings of the upper aerodigestive tract, which includes the oral cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, and the sinonasal cavities. There are many associated risk factors, including alcohol drinking coupled with tobacco use, which accounts for 70% to 80% of HNSCCs. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is another independent risk factor for oropharyngeal SCC, but it is only a minor contributor to oral cavity SCC (OSCC). Betel quid chewing is also an established risk factor in southeast Asian countries. However, OSCC, and especially oral tongue cancer, incidence has been reported to be increasing in several countries, suggesting risk factors that have not been identified yet. This review summarizes the established risk factors for oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas and examines other undemonstrated risk factors for HNSCC.

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“…The correlation between the risk of tumour formation and opium consumption has been reported by many studies [13,14]. The positive and negative effect of opium is still a controversial matter for the last few years [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opium alkaloids, biosynthesis, pharmacology and association with cancer occurrence

et al. 2023

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Papaver somniferum L. (Family: Papaveraceae) is a species well known for its diverse alkaloids (100 different benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs)). L-tyrosine serves as a precursor of several specific metabolites like BIAs. It has been used as an antitussive and potent analgesic to alleviate mild to extreme pain since ancient times. The extraction of pharmaceutically important alkaloids like morphine and codeine from poppy plant reflects the need for the most suitable and standard methods. Several analytical and extraction techniques have been reported in open literature for morphine, codeine and other important alkaloids which play a vital function in drug development and drug discovery. Many studies suggest that opioids are also responsible for adverse effects or secondary complications like dependence and withdrawal. In recent years, opium consumption and addiction are the most important risk factors. Many evidence-based reviews suggest that opium consumption is directly linked or acts as a risk factor for different cancers. In this review, we highlight significant efforts related to research which have been done over the past 5 decades and the complete information on Papaver somniferum including its phytochemistry, pharmacological actions, biosynthetic pathways and analytical techniques of opium alkaloid extraction and the link between opium consumption and cancer-related updates.

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Opium Usage and Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors: State of the Art

Opium alkaloids, biosynthesis, pharmacology and association with cancer occurrence

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