2018
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1676102
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Opioids and Alternatives in Female Chronic Pelvic Pain

Abstract: Chronic pelvic pain is a complex condition with peripheral and central mechanisms of pain. Successful nonsurgical management typically relies on a multimodal approach, with integration of both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. This article reviews nonpharmacologic therapies including pelvic floor physical therapy, dietary modifications, psychotherapy, and acupuncture. These interventions are low risk and should be incorporated into treatment for chronic pelvic pain, as they show promise for suc… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(23 citation statements)
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“…8 In addition, evidence suggests more benefits with non-pharmacological treatment and with non-opioid pharmacological treatment when compared to the chronic use of opioids, including fewer side effects. 144 …”
Section: Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…8 In addition, evidence suggests more benefits with non-pharmacological treatment and with non-opioid pharmacological treatment when compared to the chronic use of opioids, including fewer side effects. 144 …”
Section: Pharmacological Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[21] Considering the limited therapeutic effect of PFPT, patients with CPP should be advised in the initial treatment to be aware of the potential etiology, illness duration, possible delayed discomfort effect and time commitment. [7]…”
Section: Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy (Pfpt)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[3] However, the etiology of CPP is poorly understood, because not only 1 factor or disorder is attributed to pain. [6,7] According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists guidelines, CPP may be caused by multiple factors that interact with each other, including visceral etiologies, neuromusculoskeletal disease, and psychosocial status. [1] CPP is related to both gynecological and non-gynecological disorders such as endometriosis, intra-abdominal adhesions, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…At present, analgesics, antibiotics, hormone modulating agents, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants are extensively used in the treatment of CPP; nonpharmacologic therapies such as pelvic physiotherapy, psychotherapy, acupuncture, and neuromodulation are also broadly used, but these methods are nonspecific, and their effect is limited (4,5). Moreover, deleterious side-effects of opioids can affect the gastrointestinal tract, and there are many adverse reactions related to psychiatric drugs that can affect the quality of life (QoL) of patients.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%