Operation and Defensive Role of "Gin Traps" in a Coccinellid Pupa (<i>Cycloneda Sanguinea</i>)

Eisner, Thomas; Eisner, Maria

doi:10.1155/1992/54859

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These devices, called ' gin traps ' , act as jaws when a disturbed pupa rapidly raises and drops its body. Gin traps of Cycloneda sanguinea pupae have been found an effective defence against ant attacks (Eisner & Eisner 1992 ). No.…”

Section: Morphological a Nti -P Redator A Daptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Enemies of Ladybird Beetles

Ceryngier

Roy

Poland

2012

Ecology and Behaviour of the Ladybird Beetles (Coccinellidae)

114

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Section: Morphological a Nti -P Redator A Daptationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Enemies of Ladybird Beetles

Ceryngier

Roy

Poland

2012

Ecology and Behaviour of the Ladybird Beetles (Coccinellidae)

114

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“…In Cycloneda sanguinea (subfamily Coccinellinae), the pupa is armed with so-called ''gin traps,'' abdominal pinching devices that serve as jaws to fend off ants (ref. 3; Fig. 1 A-C).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…3), forming macrocycles with well over 200 members (7). Although the biosynthesis of the PAMLs (3)(4)(5) has not yet been investigated, the PAMLs clearly seem to be related biosynthetically to the azamacrolides (1, 2) from E. varivestis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyazamacrolides from ladybird beetles: Ring-size selective oligomerization

Schroeder

Smedley

Gibbons

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The pupal defensive secretion of the 24-pointed ladybird beetle, Subcoccinella vigintiquatuorpunctata, consists of a mixture of macrocyclic polyamines, dominated by the three dimeric, 30-membered macrocycles 11-13, derived from the two building blocks 11-(2-hydoxyethylamino)-5-tetradecenoic acid (9) and 11-(2-hydoxyethylamino)-5,8-tetradecadienoic acid (10). Smaller amounts of the four possible cyclic trimers of 9 and 10 were also detected, corresponding to 45-membered macrocycles. Structural assignments were based on NMR-spectroscopic investigations and HPLC-MS analyses. In addition, the all-S absolute configuration of the S. vigintiquatuorpunctata macrocycles was determined by comparison of derivatives of the natural material with enantiomerically pure synthetic samples. Comparing this alkaloid mixture with that of the pupal defensive secretion in related ladybird beetle species indicates that the degree of oligomerization of the 2-hydroxyethylamino carboxylic acid building blocks can be carefully controlled by the insects.

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“…When this movement is carried out, the joints of the abdominal segments work as a contact trap, able to capture and damage antennae and other pieces of ants when the pupa is touched, although the movement per se triggers ant hindrance (Eisner and Eisner, 1992). Evolutionarily, there are clues to their major function that are associated to protection against parasitism (Disney et al, 1994).…”

Section: Ant-aphid-ladybeetle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions among attending ants, brown-citrus aphids, and ladybugs in plants of Citrus sinensis

Diehl‐Fleig

Diehl

2018

Neotropical Biology and Conservation

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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), which permits reproduction, adaptation, and distribution provided the original author and source are credited. AbstractAttending ants promote colony survivorship and reproduction of aphid colonies, mainly by protection against natural enemies. However, very few papers are about the assessment of the effect of attending ants directly on individuals of aphids without the presence of other organisms. In this article, a review of the main papers that had assessed the effect of the attendant ant Camponotus punctulatus (Formicidae) on the table of life of the brown-citrusaphid Toxoptera citricidus (Hemiptera: Aphididae) that grows in plants of Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) without the presence of natural enemies. The ant behavior in the presence of adults and immature individuals of the ladybug Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in colonies kept on Poncirus trifoliata was also evaluated. Nymph survivorship, adult total fertility, reproductive and post-reproductive period were not affected by the attending ants. The elevation of mean and daily fecundity of the aphids attending on the first days has great importance in the population growth. Ant behavior does not depend on the ladybug sex, nor on the colony size, so that ladybug larvae are more tolerated than adults in the aphid colonies. We registered that the behaviour of the aphids is similar independently of their sex and colony size, whereas ladybug larvae are more tolerated than their adults in aphid colonies.

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Operation and Defensive Role of "Gin Traps" in a Coccinellid Pupa (Cycloneda Sanguinea)

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Natural Enemies of Ladybird Beetles

Natural Enemies of Ladybird Beetles

Polyazamacrolides from ladybird beetles: Ring-size selective oligomerization

Interactions among attending ants, brown-citrus aphids, and ladybugs in plants of Citrus sinensis

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