OpenFluor– an online spectral library of auto-fluorescence by organic compounds in the environment

Murphy, Kathleen R.; Stedmon, Colin A.; Wenig, Philip; Bro, Rasmus

doi:10.1039/c3ay41935e

Cited by 772 publications

(464 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The different fluorescent components of DOM were isolated from combined signal by PARAFAC modeling using the "drEEM Toolbox" and following the recommendation of Murphy et al (2013). The DOM components derived from PARAFAC modeling were compared with PARAFAC components from other studies through the OpenFluor database (Murphy et al, 2014). The complete absorption and emission spectra of the fluorescent components derived from PARAFAC are available on the OpenFluor database after publication (http://www.openfluor.…”

Section: Doc and Dom Sample Processing And Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

From Fresh to Marine Waters: Characterization and Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lena River Delta Region, Siberia

et al. 2015

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Connectivity between the terrestrial and marine environment in the Artic is changing as a result of climate change, influencing both freshwater budgets, and the supply of carbon to the sea. This study characterizes the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within the Lena Delta region and evaluates the behavior of DOM across the fresh water-marine gradient. Six fluorescent components (four humic-like; one marine humic-like; one protein-like) were identified by Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) with a clear dominance of allochthonous humic-like signals. Colored DOM (CDOM) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were highly correlated and had their distribution coupled with hydrographical conditions. Higher DOM concentration and degree of humification were associated with the low salinity waters of the Lena River. Values decreased toward the higher salinity Laptev Sea shelf waters. Results demonstrate different responses of DOM mixing in relation to the vertical structure of the water column, as reflecting the hydrographical dynamics in the region. Two mixing curves for DOM were apparent. In surface waters above the pycnocline there was a sharper decrease in DOM concentration in relation to salinity indicating removal. In the bottom water layer the DOM decrease within salinity was less. We propose there is a removal of DOM occurring primarily at the surface layer, which is likely driven by photodegradation and flocculation.

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Section: Doc and Dom Sample Processing And Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

From Fresh to Marine Waters: Characterization and Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lena River Delta Region, Siberia

et al. 2015

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“…The four components model was validated by split-half analysis and random initialization with 10 iterations. Finally, the level of coincidence of the obtained model against other PARAFAC models published in the online repository OpenFluor data base (http://www.openfluor.org) was assessed applying a Tucker congruence coefficient of 95 % (Murphy et al, 2014).…”

Section: Laboratory Analysis and Dom Quality Indexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling of dissolved organic matter patterns between stream and riparian groundwater in a headwater forested catchment

Bernal¹,

Lupon²,

Catalán³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Streams are important sources of carbon to the atmosphere, though whether they merely outgas terrestrially derived 10 carbon dioxide or mineralize terrestrial inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is still a big challenge in ecology. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of riparian groundwater (GW) and in-stream processes on the temporal pattern of stream DOM concentrations and quality in a forested headwater stream, and whether this influence differed between the leaf litter fall period (LLF) and the remaining part of the year (no-LLF). The spectroscopic indexes (fluorescence index, biological index, humification index, and PARAFAC components) indicated that DOM had an eminently protein-like character 15 and was most likely originated from microbial sources and recent biological activity in both stream water and riparian GW.However, paired samples of stream water and riparian GW showed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) concentrations as well as the spectroscopic character of DOM differed between the two compartments throughout the year. A simple mass balance approach indicated that in-stream processes along the reach contributed to reduce DOC and DON fluxes by 50% and 30%, respectively. Further, in-stream DOC and DON uptake were unrelated to each other, suggesting that these 20 two compounds underwent different biogeochemical pathways. During the LLF period, stream DOC and DOC:DON ratios were higher than during the no-LLF period, and spectroscopic indexes suggested a major influence of terrestrial vegetation on stream DOM. Our study highlights that stream DOM is not merely a reflex of riparian GW entering the stream and that headwater streams have the capacity to internally produce, transform, and consume DOM.

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“…Recent advances in fluorescence spectroscopy (Coble, 1996) and data analysis techniques have provided a more comprehensive overview of FDOM characteristics. Based on excitation-emission spectra fluorescence spectroscopy, it is possible to distinguish amidst different origin groups of fluorophores, e.g., terrestrial, marine, and anthropogenic Murphy et al, 2013Murphy et al, , 2014. Use of in situ DOM fluorometers enables low cost and high sample rate observations of the distribution of FDOM and related biogeochemical proxies with greater temporal and spatial resolution (Belzile et al, 2006;Kowalczuk et al, 2010).…”

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Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Optical properties of chromophoric (CDOM) and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) were characterized in the Nordic Seas including the West Spitsbergen Shelf during June-July 2013, 2014, and 2015. The CDOM absorption coefficient at 350 nm, a CDOM (350) showed significant interannual variation (T test, p < 0.00001). In 2013, the highest average a CDOM (350) values (a CDOM (350) = 0.30 ± 0.12 m −1 ) were observed due to the influence of cold and low-salinity water from the Sørkapp Current (SC) in the southern part of the West Spitsbergen Shelf. In 2014, a CDOM (350) values were significantly lower (T test, p < 0.00001) than in 2013 (average a CDOM (350) = 0.14 ± 0.06 m −1 ), which was associated with the dominance of warm and saline Atlantic Water (AW) in the region, while in 2015 intermediate CDOM absorption (average a CDOM (350) = 0.19 ± 0.05 m −1 ) was observed. In situ measurements of three FDOM components revealed that fluorescence intensity of protein-like FDOM dominated in the surface layer of the Nordic Seas. Concentrations of marine and terrestrial humic-like DOM were very low and distribution of those components was generally vertically homogenous in the upper ocean (0-100 m). Fluorescence of terrestrial and marine humic-like DOM decreased in surface waters (0-15 m) near the sea ice edge due to dilution of oceanic waters by sea ice meltwater. The vertical distribution of protein-like FDOM was characterized by a prominent subsurface maximum that matched the subsurface chlorophyll a maximum and was observed across the study area. The highest protein-like FDOM fluorescence was observed in the Norwegian Sea in the core of warm AW. There was a significant relationship between the proteinlike fluorescence and chlorophyll a fluorescence (R 2 = 0.65, p < 0.0001, n = 24 490), which suggests that phytoplankton was the primary source of protein-like DOM in the Nordic Seas and West Spitsbergen Shelf waters. Observed variability in selected spectral indices (spectral slope coefficient, S 300-600 , carbon-specific CDOM absorption coefficient at 254 and 350 nm, SUVA 254 , a * CDOM (350)) and the nonlinear relationship between CDOM absorption and the spectral slope coefficient also indicate a dominant marine (autochthonous) source of CDOM and FDOM in the study area. Further, our data suggest that a CDOM (350) cannot be used to predict dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the study region; however the slope coefficient (S 300-600 ) shows some promise in being used.

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OpenFluor– an online spectral library of auto-fluorescence by organic compounds in the environment

Abstract: An online repository of published organic fluorescence spectra has been developed, which can be searched for quantitative matches with any set of unknown spectra.

Cited by 772 publications

References 27 publications

From Fresh to Marine Waters: Characterization and Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lena River Delta Region, Siberia

From Fresh to Marine Waters: Characterization and Fate of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Lena River Delta Region, Siberia

Decoupling of dissolved organic matter patterns between stream and riparian groundwater in a headwater forested catchment

Characteristics of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter in the Nordic Seas

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