OpenADR Ontology: Semantic Enrichment of Demand Response Strategies in Smart Grids

Abstract

Demand Response (DR) gains increasing attention as a core building block of smart grids. Advanced ICT systems have been made available in the last decades and have been employed already in commercial energy markets. As more and more hardware and software solutions are flooding the market, the need for interoperability among systems has become a necessity. Building upon OpenADR, a well-known standard for DR, this work presents its semantic enrichment towards transforming it into an ontology (publicly available), which ultimately enables semantic interoperability among various DR stakeholders and systems and other semantic-related features like data validation, reusing terms and integration with other standard ontologies. Following the Linked Open Terms methodology, a detailed description of the main OpenADR services is presented, encoded in OWL, along with needed extensions that derive from other well-known ontologies. By introducing an OpenADR ontology, the adoption and deployment of OpenADR in both research and industrial implementations is expected to expand, ultimately promoting significantly semantic interoperability in DR systems.

Helio: A framework for implementing the life cycle of knowledge graphs

“…In this project, Helio was part of the Common Information Model (CIM) 27 software that enables components to exchange data in different formats. Then the CIM offers services to exchange data (by translating the heterogeneous data on the fly into RDF expressed according to the DELTA ontology [36]), validate, and publish such data.…”

A semantic web approach to uplift decentralized household energy data

“…Synapse [32] is a semantic web-based annotation system designed to enhance the metadata for all data in smart cities. Some famous applications such as Demand Response (DR) in residential energy systems are also benefited from many semantic enrichment studies [33,34]. The unifying feature of these methods is that the generated models are oriented on the handling of real data, such as user input.…”

SealedGRID: Secure and Interoperable Platform for Smart GRID Applications

“…In addition, several protocols have been defined for dealing with the demand response in the smart grid. Among these we can mention OpenADR, that is an information exchange model for communicating price and reliability information to large commercial and industrial facilities [ 11 ]. IEC 61850 can also be used both for demand response and, more generally, for communication over a smart grid infrastructure.…”

“…This is a reference in the sector to address the security of industrial networks, since it provides useful guidelines for introducing aspects related to authenticity, confidentiality, and integrity in the communication and control protocols of the smart grid. It is composed of eleven parts, where part eight is especially applied to control access mechanisms based on RBAC [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”