Open waste burning causes fast and sharp changes in particulate concentrations in peripheral neighborhoods

Krecl, Patricia; Lima, Caroline Hatada de; Bosco, Tatiane Cristina Dal; Targino, Admir Créso; Hashimoto, Elizabeth M.; Oukawa, Gabriel Yoshikazu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142736

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Incineration releases particulate matter, BPA, phthalates, and dioxins into air, soil, and water, posing health risks for nearby communities and waste workers (Velis and Cook, 2021;Wu et al, 2021;Ramadan et al, 2022). Studies of open waste burning have measured toxin concentrations at hazardous levels in Abeokuta, Nigeria (Oguntoke et al, 2019); Londrina, Brazil (Krecl et al, 2021); Telok Panglima Garang City, Malaysia (Yu et al, 2022); and other communities in low and lower-middle income countries (Velis and Cook, 2021).…”

Section: Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequitable distribution of plastic benefits and burdens on economies and public health

et al. 2023

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Plastic heterogeneously affects social systems – notably human health and local and global economies. Here we discuss illustrative examples of the benefits and burdens of each stage of the plastic lifecycle (e.g., macroplastic production, consumption, recycling). We find the benefits to communities and stakeholders are principally economic, whereas burdens fall largely on human health. Furthermore, the economic benefits of plastic are rarely applied to alleviate or mitigate the health burdens it creates, amplifying the disconnect between who benefits and who is burdened. In some instances, social enterprises in low-wealth areas collect and recycle waste, creating a market for upcycled goods. While such endeavors generate local socioeconomic benefits, they perpetuate a status quo in which the burden of responsibility for waste management falls on downstream communities, rather than on producers who have generated far greater economic benefits. While the traditional cost-benefit analyses that inform decision-making disproportionately weigh economic benefits over the indirect, and often unquantifiable, costs of health burdens, we stress the need to include the health burdens of plastic to all impacted stakeholders across all plastic life stages in policy design. We therefore urge the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to consider all available knowledge on the deleterious effects of plastic across the entire plastic lifecycle while drafting the upcoming international global plastic treaty.

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Section: Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequitable distribution of plastic benefits and burdens on economies and public health

et al. 2023

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“…Wood burning has been identified as a major source of local PM 2.5 in the Nordic countries, most notably in the Norwegian capital Oslo (Kukkonen et al 2020), and dominating over the emissions from on-road traffic. Studies on biomass burning in Brazilian cities are scarce, but Krecl et al (2020b) reported that the burning of waste in residential areas may create local PM 2.5 hotspots with concentrations higher than those found in the city center and along busy roads.…”

Section: Pm 25 Concentrations In the Residential Area (Sc Site)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated assessment of the impacts of PM2.5 and black carbon particles on the air quality of a large Brazilian city

Gidhagen

Krecl²,

Targino³

et al. 2021

Air Qual Atmos Health

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Data on airborne fine particle (PM2.5) emissions and concentrations in cities are valuable for traffic and air quality managers, urban planners, health practitioners, researchers, and ultimately for legislators and decision makers. Emissions and ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) were assessed in the city of Curitiba, southern Brazil. The methodology combined a month-long monitoring campaign with both fixed and mobile instruments, development of emission inventories, and dispersion model simulations on different scales. The mean urban background PM2.5 concentrations during the campaign were 7.3 μg m−3 in Curitiba city center, but three- to fourfold higher (25.3 μg m-3) in a residential area on the city’s outskirts, indicating the presence of local sources, possibly linked to biomass combustion. BC concentrations seemed to be more uniformly distributed over the city, with mean urban background concentrations around 2 μg m−3, half of which due to local traffic emissions. Higher mean BC concentrations (3–5 μg m-3) were found along busy roads. The dispersion modeling also showed high PM2.5 and BC concentrations along the heavily transited ring road. However, the lack of in situ data over these peripheral areas prevented the verification of the model output. The vehicular emission factors for PM2.5 and BC from the literature were found not to be suitable for Curitiba’s fleet and needed to be adjusted. The integrated approach of this study can be implemented in other cities, as long as an open data policy and a close cooperation among regional, municipal authorities and academia can be achieved.

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“…Open-burning municipal solid waste (MSW) processes are inefficient owing to limited oxygen supply and poorly controlled temperature. This incomplete combustion results in toxin emission, such as particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and other gases, into the atmosphere without any air pollution control [ 8 ]. Occasionally, the open burning of MSW contains considerable plastic waste, which is the most significant source of dioxins and other halogenated compounds [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Das et al employed a different approach by combining household survey and the transect walk method to validate the P frac value of the IPCC calculation method (fraction of people burning waste in a household) [ 15 ]. In a recent study, Krecl et al used a transect walk survey principle to identify fire spots in specific areas [ 8 ]. Overall, more field estimation studies regarding open waste burning are required to assemble an appropriate emission inventory for a specific country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity and emission inventory of open waste burning at the household level in developing countries: a case study of Semarang City

Ramadan

Rachman

Matsumoto

2022

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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In this study, total burned household waste and the potential emissions released from waste burning in Semarang City, Indonesia, were estimated. Waste piles were monitored using the transect walk survey method in 16 sub-districts of Semarang City. Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrous oxide (NO x ), and total particulate matter (TPM) were directly analyzed through a simulation of waste combustion. The potential emissions from other pollutants were predicted by multiplying the weight of the burned waste by the emission factors available in the literature. The estimated waste burned in Semarang City in 2020–2021 was 58.8 Gg/year, or approximately 9.70% of the total waste generated in Semarang City. This estimation exceeds local government estimates of 2020 by two-fold. Peri-urban areas (both inner and outer) were identified as the most significant contributors to waste burning. Further, garden waste was the most burned waste (73.61%), followed by plastic waste (17.45%). Other wastes, including paper, leather, textile, rubber, and food, were also burned. Overall, a decrease in the activity of waste burning is an important step for reducing the potential of air pollution and climate change. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10163-022-01371-3.

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Open waste burning causes fast and sharp changes in particulate concentrations in peripheral neighborhoods

Cited by 40 publications

References 41 publications

Inequitable distribution of plastic benefits and burdens on economies and public health

Inequitable distribution of plastic benefits and burdens on economies and public health

An integrated assessment of the impacts of PM2.5 and black carbon particles on the air quality of a large Brazilian city

Activity and emission inventory of open waste burning at the household level in developing countries: a case study of Semarang City

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