Ontogeny influences sensitivity to climate change stressors in an endangered fish

Komoroske, Lisa M.; Connon, Richard E.; Lindberg, Joan C.; Cheng, Brian S.; Castillo, Gonzalo; Hasenbein, Matthias; Fangue, Nann A.

doi:10.1093/conphys/cou008

Cited by 93 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The 20°C temperature treatment in the present study was well below the upper thermal limits of the delta smelt (∼8°C below, Komoroske et al, 2014;7.6°C below in the present study) and within the range of temperatures this species experiences in the wild. Accordingly, exposure to 20°C resulted in the altered regulation of a different suite of genes than longfin smelt, with many of the differentially expressed genes in delta smelt involved in metabolic processes and protein synthesis.…”

Section: Transcriptome-wide Responses In Delta Smeltsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…We determined the upper acute temperature tolerance of 50 dph longfin smelt (n=17) and delta smelt (n=20) using critical thermal maximum (CT max ) methodology (detailed methods in Komoroske et al, 2014). Briefly, for each CT max trial, an individual fish was placed into a 1 liter glass container at the acclimation temperature of 14°C.…”

Section: Temperature Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the target temperature was reached, the fish were rapidly transferred back to 14°C and allowed to recover from exposure for 60 min (n=8 in each treatment). This acute exposure protocol allows for the detection of a strong cellular stress response in delta smelt at temperatures that reflect their upper thermal distributions in the wild (Komoroske et al, 2014. The Delta also undergoes diurnal temperature fluctuations that result in resident fishes experiencing rapidly changing temperatures daily .…”

Section: Temperature Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high temperatures on threatened estuarine fishes during periods of extreme drought

Jeffries

Connon

Davis

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Climate change and associated increases in water temperatures may impact physiological performance in ectotherms and exacerbate endangered species declines. We used an integrative approach to assess the impact of elevated water temperature on two fishes of immediate conservation concern in a large estuary system, the threatened longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) and endangered delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus). Abundances have reached record lows in California, USA, and these populations are at imminent risk of extirpation. California is currently impacted by a severe drought, resulting in high water temperatures, conditions that will become more common as a result of climate change. We exposed fish to environmentally relevant temperatures (14°C and 20°C) and used RNA sequencing to examine the transcriptome-wide responses to elevated water temperature in both species. Consistent with having a lower temperature tolerance, longfin smelt exhibited a pronounced cellular stress response, with an upregulation of heat shock proteins, after exposure to 20°C that was not observed in delta smelt. We detected an increase in metabolic rate in delta smelt at 20°C and increased expression of genes involved in metabolic processes and protein synthesis, patterns not observed in longfin smelt. Through examination of responses across multiple levels of biological organization, and by linking these responses to habitat distributions in the wild, we demonstrate that longfin smelt may be more susceptible than delta smelt to increases in temperatures, and they have little room to tolerate future warming in California. Understanding the species-specific physiological responses of sensitive species to environmental stressors is crucial for conservation efforts and managing aquatic systems globally.

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Section: Transcriptome-wide Responses In Delta Smeltsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Temperature Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperature Exposuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of high temperatures on threatened estuarine fishes during periods of extreme drought

Jeffries

Connon

Davis

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…70 g; 121 dph) that showed a decrease in CTMax as food availability was increased . Reasons for the variation in effects of food limitation on the upper temperature tolerance of green sturgeon are unknown but may be a result of the differences in the length of the feed restriction trials (2-week versus 4-week feed restriction trial for Verhille et al, 2015 study and the current study, respectively) or ontogenic changes in thermal tolerance that has been documented in other fishes due to different energy demands of different developmental stages (Pörtner and Farrell, 2008;Komoroske et al, 2014).…”

Section: Ctmaxmentioning

confidence: 80%

Effects of feed restriction on the upper temperature tolerance and heat shock response in juvenile green and white sturgeon

Lee

Hung

Fangue

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of feed restriction on whole-organism upper thermal tolerance and the heat shock response of green and white sturgeon to determine how changes in food amount might influence physiological performance of each species when faced with temperature stress. Two parallel feed restriction trials were carried out for juvenile green (202 g; 222-day post hatch: dph) and white sturgeon (205 g; 197-dph) to manipulate nutritional status at 12.5%, 25%, 50%, or 100% of optimum feeding rate (100% OFR were 1.6% and 1.8% body weight/day, respectively) for four weeks. Following the trials, the critical thermal maximum (CTMax, 0.3°C/min) of sturgeon (N = 12/treatment/species) was assessed as an indicator of whole-organism upper thermal tolerance. To assess temperature sensitivity, sturgeon (N = 9/treatment/species) were acutely transferred to two temperature treatments (28°C and 18°C as a handling control) for 2 h followed by 2 h of recovery at 18°C before being sacrificed, and gill, brain, and mucus sampled for measurements of 70-kDa heat shock protein levels (Hsc/Hsp70). Feeding rate had species-specific effects on CTMax in green and white sturgeon such that CTMax of green sturgeon decreased as the magnitude of feed restriction increased; whereas, CTMax of white sturgeon did not change with feed restriction. Elevated temperature (28°C) and feed restriction increased Hsc/Hsp70 levels in the gill tissue of green sturgeon, while heat shock increased Hsc/ Hsp70 levels in the mucus of white sturgeon. Our results suggest that green sturgeon may be more susceptible to temperature stress under food-limited conditions.

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“…However, given climate change projections and our knowledge of the physiological tolerances for Delta Smelt and Longfin Smelt, in the long run, the upper estuary will likely be unable to support the two species without large-scale human intervention (Brown et al 2013(Brown et al , 2016Komoroske et al 2013Komoroske et al , 2014Jeffries et al 2016). In this essay, we first describe a pathway to assessing extinction, and then present a series of recommendations for how to prevent extinction of Delta Smelt and Longfin Smelt in the estuary.…”

Section: "The Basic Lesson From the Collapse Of Delta Smelt Is That Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Extinction Inevitable for Delta Smelt and Longfin Smelt? An Opinion and Recommendations for Recovery

Hobbs¹,

Moyle²,

Fangue³

et al. 2017

SFEWS

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Ontogeny influences sensitivity to climate change stressors in an endangered fish

Cited by 93 publications

References 53 publications

Effects of high temperatures on threatened estuarine fishes during periods of extreme drought

Effects of high temperatures on threatened estuarine fishes during periods of extreme drought

Effects of feed restriction on the upper temperature tolerance and heat shock response in juvenile green and white sturgeon

Is Extinction Inevitable for Delta Smelt and Longfin Smelt? An Opinion and Recommendations for Recovery

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