Ontogenetic patterns and genetic variation in Anopheles (Anopheles) intermedius Chagas, 1908 and Anopheles (Anopheles) mattogrossensis Lutz & Neiva, 1911 (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract

Changes in the expression of genes were observed during development in populations of Anopheles (Anopheles) intermedius and Anopheles (Anopheles) mattogrossensis. Esterase showed seven zones of activity: EST1 was present in all developmental stages of both species; EST2 was observed only in larvae of A. intermedius and larvae and pupae of A. mattogrossensis, with greater activity in pupae; EST3 and EST5 were present in all developmental stages, with greater intensity in larvae; EST4 and EST6 showed weak activity in larvae of A. mattogrossensis and was not found in A. intermedius. Leucine aminopeptidase showed four zones of activity, of which LAP1 and LAP2 were found in all stages of A. intermedius, with highest activity in larvae, and in larvae only of A. mattogrossensis. LAP3 was detected in all stages of A. mattogrossensis and in larvae only of A. intermedius. LAP4 was detected only in larvae and pupae of A. mattogrossensis, with greater intensity in pupae. alpha-Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase showed a single zone of activity, detected in older fourth-instar larvae and becoming more intense from the pupal stage onwards.

Isoenzymatic variability among five Anopheles species belonging to the Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles subgenera of the Amazon region, Brazil

“…nuneztovari populations from Brazil and Colombia, in which the polymorphism varied from 31.3 to 56.6%. Rodriguez (1998) In our study, genetic variability (including locus polymorphism, heterozygosity, mean number of alleles/locus) was similar to other species of the Nyssorhynchus subgenus (Narang 1980, Steiner et al 1982, Santos et al 1985, 1992, Santos 1992, Fritz et al 1995 and of the Anopheles subgenus (Lanzaro et al 1990, Narang & Seawright 1994 (Fritz et al 1995) and for An. pseudopunctipennis, An.…”

Genetic variability among Anopheles species belonging to the Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles subgenera in the Amazon region

“…Scarpassa et al 17 analyzed 13 isoenzyme loci in populations from Colombia and Brazil and also observed Anopheles nuneztovari polymorphism levels (P = 31.3 -56.6%) similar to those obtained in the present study. According to our data, Rodriguez 36 detected low polymorphism for Anopheles intermedius and Anopheles mattogrossensis (P = 35.3 and 47.1%, respectively). The low polymorphism and heterozygosity levels obtained for these species may be associated with low selection pressure because of their inability to cause Plasmodium infection.…”

Variability and genetic differentiation among Anopheles (Ano.) intermedius Chagas, 1908 and Anopheles (Ano.) mattogrossensis Lutz & Neiva, 1911 (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Brazilian Amazon

“…Information concerning variability and genetic differentiation in species of the subgenus Anopheles is very scanty in Brazil, even thought they include malaria vector species in other American neighboring countries (Rodriguez et al 2000, Santos et al 2003). An.…”