One-step synthesis of carbon functionalized with sulfonic acid groups using hydrothermal carbonization

Liang, Xuezheng; Zeng, Minfeng; Qi, Chenze

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2010.01.030

Cited by 131 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The process dehydration and decarboxylation reactions at these experimental conditions are promoted by using water in the process [7][8][9], although the addition of different chemicals to provide a specific chemical functionalization on the hydrochar surface has also been studied [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal carbonization as an effective way of densifying the energy content of biomass

Román

Nabais

Laginhas

et al. 2012

Fuel Processing Technology

234

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Hydrothermal carbonization processes were studied under different conditions using two different biomass materials: walnut shell and sunflower stem. Coalification under mild conditions was promoted with the aim of increasing the calorific value of the solid hydrochar. Hydrocarbonization processes brought up an increase on the heating value of the materials up to 28.9 and 29.3 MJ kg − 1 , for sunflower stem and walnut shell, respectively, which corresponds to an increase of 1.75 and 1.50 fold when compared with the natural biomass. Also, regarding the variables studied it was found that temperature and water/biomass ratio were more influent on the hydrocarbonization process than residence time. The hydrochars show negligible N 2 adsorption at 77 K and interesting surface morphology, characterized by the formation of microspheres which grow as temperature increases. Moreover, hydrochars are acid in nature and present several oxygen functionalities, as observed from FT-IR and pzc analysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal carbonization as an effective way of densifying the energy content of biomass

Román

Nabais

Laginhas

et al. 2012

Fuel Processing Technology

234

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“…24 The higher density of ASO 3 H groups 25 on catalyst surface, the higher yield of 26 TAME. 27 Oxygen functional groups have a 28 negative effect on the yield of TAME. Industrial production of ether antiknock substances (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…84 Initially this process was performed in the presence of mineral 85 acids such as e.g. sulphuric acid, but their use has been gradually 86 abandoned because of their corrosive properties and problems in 87 separating them from the reaction mixture [ [27] have proposed the 143 methods in which the precursor (which was glucose or furalde-144 hyde) was exposed to organic acids containing ASO 3 H groups. 145 The materials obtained showed the activity comparable with that 146 of sulphuric acid in typical reactions taking place on the acidic 147 centres of the catalyst.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of tert -amyl methyl ether (TAME) over modified activated carbon catalysts

Rechnia

Malaika

Kozłowski

2015

Fuel

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“…The XPS survey spectra of the prepared adsorbent also exhibits a single S2p peak attributable to SO 3 H groups at 168 eV (see Fig. 1b) [17]. The high-resolution XPS C1s spectrum of the adsorbent (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

ADSORPTION OF Cr(VI) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING CARBON-MICROSILICA COMPOSITE ADSORBENT

Zhang

et al. 2012

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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In this work, Microsilica, one kind of industry solid waste material, was utilized firstly to prepare a carbon-Microsilica composite adsorbent from a partial carbonization, mixture and sulfoxidation process and was proposed for the removal of Cr(VI) from solutions. The surface chemistry characteristics of the prepared adsorbent were analysis by XPS and FT-IR. The characterization results indicated that an abundant of oxygen functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and sulfonic groups, were introduced into the surface of the prepared composite adsorbent. Meanwhile, the adsorption characteristics of Cr(VI) onto the adsorbent in aqueous solutions was studied as a function of solution pH, ionic strength, contact time, and temperature. The results showed that Cr(VI) adsorption onto the adsorbent is strongly dependent on pH and, to a lesser extent, ionic strength. Kinetics data were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model while the adsorption data corresponded to L-shape adsorption isotherm which corresponds to the classification of Giles. Activation thermodynamic parameters, such as activation enthalpy (DH*), activation entropy (DS*), activation Gibbs free energy (DG*) and activation energy (E a ), have been evaluated and the possible adsorption mechanism also was suggested.

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One-step synthesis of carbon functionalized with sulfonic acid groups using hydrothermal carbonization

Cited by 131 publications

References 22 publications

Hydrothermal carbonization as an effective way of densifying the energy content of biomass

Hydrothermal carbonization as an effective way of densifying the energy content of biomass

Synthesis of tert -amyl methyl ether (TAME) over modified activated carbon catalysts

ADSORPTION OF Cr(VI) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION USING CARBON-MICROSILICA COMPOSITE ADSORBENT

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