One hundred years of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of the outcome literature

Hegarty, Janet; Baldessarini, Ross J.; Tohen, Mauricio; Waternaux, Christine

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(93)90221-4

Cited by 262 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The second change was the introduction of efficacious pharmacotherapy. However, Hegarty et al (1994) found little evidence that these two major revolutions altered the outcome of schizophrenia during the twentieth century. Changing methodologies during this period make before and after antipsychotic drug therapy comparisons difficult, but schizophrenia remains a chronic illness with substantial functional impairments for most cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

Carpenter

Koenig

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

185

128

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

Carpenter

Koenig

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

185

128

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“…One such difficulty is that there have been many changes in the way schizophrenia has been diagnosed over the last 50 to 60 years (Hegarty et al, 1994). …”

Section: Epidemiological Evidence (Historical Perspective Of the Incimentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of early and sustained intervention on the long-term morbidity of schizophrenia

Wyatt

Henter

1998

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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By examining the literature concerning early intervention with antipsychotic medications, and how it affects long-term morbidity, this article will review the concept that early intervention with antipsychotic medications improves the long-term course of schizophrenia. It also looks at the potential long-term effects of discontinuing antipsychotic medications early in the course of schizophrenia. It appears that early intervention with antipsychotic medications decreases some of the long-term morbidity associated with schizophrenia. Some of the implications of this finding are discussed in the context of both clinical practice and clinical research."For simple weak-mindedness, which signifies a kind of recovery with defect, it is distinctly enlightening and often confirmed by experience that, sooner or later, a fresh exacerbation of the disease may follow and bring about a higher degree and another form of dementia." (Kraepelin,

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“…49 With advances in treatment, the prognosis of an individual with a first episode of schizophrenia is less bleak than was once thought, with approximately 20-25% of patients having no further episodes. [50][51][52] However, within the first year, recurrence is observed in up to 25% of patients, 53 rising to almost 50% within 2 years. 50,54,55 Within 12 months it has also been found that 14% of patients are treatment resistant, 56 and over 2 years' duration 20-45% are only partially responsive to antipsychotic medication, 57,58 with 5-10% of patients deriving no benefit at all.…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[50][51][52] However, within the first year, recurrence is observed in up to 25% of patients, 53 rising to almost 50% within 2 years. 50,54,55 Within 12 months it has also been found that 14% of patients are treatment resistant, 56 and over 2 years' duration 20-45% are only partially responsive to antipsychotic medication, 57,58 with 5-10% of patients deriving no benefit at all. 59 However, the prevalence of treatment resistance is hard to determine given the lack of agreement on defining the term, and, as these figures also reflect treatment outcomes with typical antipsychotics, with atypical antipsychotics now also being widely available, it has been argued there is a need to reconsider what constitutes 'non-response'.…”

Section: Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors note that approximately 20-25% of patients do not experience a relapse following their initial acute episode. [50][51][52] This may be interpreted as 'cure', although it is possible that it merely reflects a much reduced (but non-zero) continuing risk. In addition, the generally higher mortality rates noted above may have the effect of prematurely censoring the life expectancy (and hence relapse experience) of some patients.…”

Section: Relapsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of testing for cytochrome P450 polymorphisms in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics: a systematic review and economic evaluation

Fleeman

McLeod²,

Bagust³

et al. 2010

Health Technol Assess

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How to obtain copies of this and other HTA programme reports An electronic version of this title, in Adobe Acrobat format, is available for downloading free of charge for personal use from the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk). A fully searchable DVD is also available (see below).Printed copies of HTA journal series issues cost £20 each (post and packing free in the UK) to both public and private sector purchasers from our despatch agents.Non-UK purchasers will have to pay a small fee for post and packing. For European countries the cost is £2 per issue and for the rest of the world £3 per issue. How to order:-fax (with credit card details) -post (with credit card details or cheque) -phone during office hours (credit card only).Additionally the HTA website allows you to either print out your order or download a blank order form. Contact details are as follows:Synergie UK (HTA Department) Digital House, The Loddon Centre Wade Road Basingstoke Hants RG24 8QW Email: orders@hta.ac.uk Tel: 0845 812 4000 -ask for 'HTA Payment Services' (out-of-hours answer-phone service) Fax: 0845 812 4001 -put 'HTA Order' on the fax header Payment methods Paying by chequeIf you pay by cheque, the cheque must be in pounds sterling, made payable to University of Southampton and drawn on a bank with a UK address. Paying by credit cardYou can order using your credit card by phone, fax or post. SubscriptionsNHS libraries can subscribe free of charge. Public libraries can subscribe at a reduced cost of £100 for each volume (normally comprising 40-50 titles). The commercial subscription rate is £400 per volume (addresses within the UK) and £600 per volume (addresses outside the UK). Please see our website for details. Subscriptions can be purchased only for the current or forthcoming volume. How do I get a copy of HTA on DVD?Please use the form on the HTA website (www.hta.ac.uk/htacd/index.shtml). HTA on DVD is currently free of charge worldwide.The website also provides information about the HTA programme and lists the membership of the various committees. HTA NIHR Health Technology Assessment programmeT he Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme, part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), was set up in 1993. It produces high-quality research information on the effectiveness, costs and broader impact of health technologies for those who use, manage and provide care in the NHS. 'Health technologies' are broadly defined as all interventions used to promote health, prevent and treat disease, and improve rehabilitation and long-term care. The research findings from the HTA programme directly influence decision-making bodies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the National Screening Committee (NSC). HTA findings also help to improve the quality of clinical practice in the NHS indirectly in that they form a key component of the 'National Knowledge Service'. The HTA programme is needs led in that it fills gaps in the evidence needed by the NHS. There are three routes to the start of projec...

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One hundred years of schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of the outcome literature

Cited by 262 publications

References 41 publications

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

The effects of early and sustained intervention on the long-term morbidity of schizophrenia

The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of testing for cytochrome P450 polymorphisms in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics: a systematic review and economic evaluation

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