On time distortion under stress

Hancock, Peter A.; Weaver, Jeanne L.

doi:10.1080/14639220512331325747

Cited by 96 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…In low-workload situations, the user's residual mental capacity allows for attending to most of the pulses. However, when the workload imposed by the primary task increases then the residual capacity left for attending to the pulses decreases and pulses increasingly go unnoticed (Block et al, 2010;Hancock & Weaver, 2005). This model predicts that time perception will be increasingly distorted as workload increases and that the distortion will be in the direction of lower ratios of perceived to clock time at high workloads.…”

Section: Perceived Timementioning

confidence: 95%

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Perceived Time as a Measure of Mental Workload: Effects of Time Constraints and Task Success

Hertzum

Holmegaard

2013

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction

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The mental workload imposed by systems is important to their operation and usability. Consequently, researchers and practitioners need reliable, valid, and easy-to-administer methods for measuring mental workload. The ratio of perceived time to clock time appears to be such a method, yet mental workload has multiple dimensions of which the perceived time ratio has mainly been linked to the task-related dimension. This study investigates how the perceived time ratio is affected by time constraints, which make time an explicit concern in the execution of tasks, and task success, which is a performance-related rather than task-related dimension of mental workload. A higher perceived time ratio is found for timed than untimed tasks. According to subjective workload ratings and pupil-diameter measurements, the timed tasks impose higher mental workload. This finding contradicts the prospective paradigm, which asserts that perceived time decreases with increasing mental workload. A higher perceived time ratio was also found for solved than unsolved tasks, whereas subjective workload ratings indicate lower mental workload for the solved tasks. This finding shows that the relationship between the perceived time ratio and mental workload is reversed for task success compared to time constraints. Implications for the use of perceived time as a measure of mental workload are discussed.

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Section: Perceived Timementioning

confidence: 95%

“…We express the relationship between perceived time and clock time by the commonly used ratio of perceived time to clock time (Block et al, 2010;Hancock & Weaver, 2005). With this definition, unity (100%) indicates that perceived time equals clock time.…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Time as a Measure of Mental Workload: Effects of Time Constraints and Task Success

Hertzum

Holmegaard

2013

International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction

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“…Time distortion is a facet of immersion that involved losing track of time or being unconscious of the passage of time [33,34]. Douglas and Hargadon [35] claimed that when people were intensively immersed at something, the perceptions of time would become distorted, and one often loses sense of time.…”

Section: Time Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Background Music of Video Games on Immersion

Fu¹

2015

J Psychol Psychother

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The background music has been proved to be an indispensable part in every successful video game. At the same time, all the video game designers and players hope video games could be as immersive as possible. Present research aimed to make an investigation about the role of video games background music in the influence of players' subjective immersion. Eighty participants were employed according to their game experience to join the experiment. All of them were assigned in pairs to finish a same video game synchronously with local area network. One was with earphone while the other not. After 20 minutes' gameplay, they needed to complete three missions (questionnaire, task after game and time distortion) with the purpose of detecting their immersion during video game. The results showed that the participants with background music got significant higher scores from questionnaire, performed worse in after-game task and expressed more serious time distortion than those participants without hearing background music. But these changes just happened to low gamers in the questionnaire and time distortion. Besides, correlations were made to find that only the questionnaire scores and time distortion were significantly related. These results of present research showed that background music did increase participants' immersion. But this improvement was likely just happened in low gamers.

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“…Under conditions of extreme stress people often experience distortions of time, which have been reported by professionals encountering life-threatening conditions in aerospace, military, and fire-fighting operations, etc. (Hancock & Weaver, 2005). From a relatively short temporal perspective, a particular situation can be perceived to pass quickly if attentional engagement in the situation is high (Block et al, 2010).…”

Section: Compression Protraction and Acceleration Of Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Complementarity of Space and Time in Distance Representations

Waliński¹

2014

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On time distortion under stress

Cited by 96 publications

References 45 publications

Perceived Time as a Measure of Mental Workload: Effects of Time Constraints and Task Success

Perceived Time as a Measure of Mental Workload: Effects of Time Constraints and Task Success

The Influence of Background Music of Video Games on Immersion

Complementarity of Space and Time in Distance Representations

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