2000
DOI: 10.1016/s0921-5093(00)00625-0
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On the size-dependent phase transformation in nanoparticulate zirconia

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Cited by 242 publications
(171 citation statements)
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“…TEM of Er 3+ doped and Er 3+ /Li + codoped ZrO 2 under 800 • C sintering are shown in Fig. 2, from which the variations of everage radii and phases can be clearly seen, 13 which is consistent with the XRD data. A small deviation in the estimated particle sizes by TEM and XRD may result since XRD refers to coherent domains and TEM images may be polydomain in nature.…”
supporting
confidence: 83%
“…TEM of Er 3+ doped and Er 3+ /Li + codoped ZrO 2 under 800 • C sintering are shown in Fig. 2, from which the variations of everage radii and phases can be clearly seen, 13 which is consistent with the XRD data. A small deviation in the estimated particle sizes by TEM and XRD may result since XRD refers to coherent domains and TEM images may be polydomain in nature.…”
supporting
confidence: 83%
“…1(a). The average grain size is 4 mm, which is much larger than the critical size for size stabilization of tetragonal phase (<200 nm) [23,24]. For the micron-sized crystals to be discussed in this work, therefore, only the dopant Y 2 O 3 is considered as a tetragonal phase stabilizer.…”
Section: Materials Preparation and Characteristicsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This applies to ZrO 2 whose tphase has a lower surface energy than the m-phase [10,11], and different authors theoretically estimated the critical size of a strain-free crystal as 5 nm [9] or 7 nm [12]. However, experimentally determined critical diameters were invariably higher than the estimates: 18 nm [12], 10-40 nm [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%