On the Protection of the Power Flow Control Converter in Meshed Low Voltage DC Networks

Purgat, Pavel; Mackay, Laurens; Qin, Zian; Bauer, Pavol

doi:10.1109/ecce.2018.8558048

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the first step, the appropriate semi‐conductor is selected—C3M0021120K. The efficiency of the SSCB at

I_{nom.}

should be above 99% [22]. If two devices are paralleled, the SSCB efficiency at

I_{nom.}

is 99.9%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HCBs open short-circuits in the range of milliseconds, which is significantly faster than the traditional circuit breakers. However, for low-power microgrids with small nominal operating currents, the fault clearing periods in the range of milliseconds are not acceptable [21,22]. Therefore, for small dc nanogrids or microgrids, fast SSCBs are preferred [23].…”

Section: Circuit Breakers For Lvdc Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design criteria of solid‐state circuit breaker for low‐voltage microgrids

Purgat

Shah²,

Blij

et al. 2021

IET Power Electronics

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Solid-state circuit breakers (SSCB) show great promise to become the key element in the protection of low-voltage direct current microgrids. SSCBs operate in the microsecond range and employ semi-conductor devices that have strict safe operation area limits. Therefore, the design of the SSCB needs to consider the effects of fault detection delays and semi-conductor safe operation area limitations. This paper derives SSCB design criteria that consider the effect of different detection methods with different detection delays under varying system constraints. The design space is investigated in a sensitivity analysis, which provides insights into the operation boundaries of SSCB and explains how a combination of fault detection methods can reduce the SSCB size. The insights from the theoretical and sensitivity analysis are used to propose an SSCB design flowchart. SSCB prototype is developed and tested in different scenarios under nominal grid voltage and current. The derived design constraints can be used for efficient SSCB design and also to evaluate the effects of different protection schemes on the required SSCB size.

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“…In the first step, the appropriate semi‐conductor is selected—C3M0021120K. The efficiency of the SSCB at

I_{nom.}

should be above 99% [22]. If two devices are paralleled, the SSCB efficiency at

I_{nom.}

is 99.9%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Circuit Breakers For Lvdc Microgridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design criteria of solid‐state circuit breaker for low‐voltage microgrids

Purgat

Shah²,

Blij

et al. 2021

IET Power Electronics

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…In comparison with parallel PFC, series-parallel PFC (SP-PFC) only needs to process partial rated PF. Therefore, the SP-PFC is cost-effective [23], [24]. Furthermore, when regulating the PF, the SP-PFC does not rely on the power exchange between different DC lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination Control of Power Flow Controller and Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker in MVDC Distribution Networks

Liao

Zhou

Qin³

et al. 2021

Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

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The two main challenges of medium voltage direct current (MVDC) distribution network are the flexible control of power flow (PF) and fault protection. In this paper, the power flow controller (PFC) is introduced to regulate the PF and inhibit the fault current during the DC fault. The coordination strategy of series-parallel PFC (SP-PFC) and hybrid DC circuit breaker (DCCB) is proposed. By regulating the polarity and magnitude of SP-PFC output voltage during the fault, the rising speed of fault current can be suppressed so as to reduce the breaking current of hybrid DCCB. The access mode of SP-PFC to the MVDC distribution network and its topology are analyzed, and the coordination strategy between SP-PFC and hybrid DCCB is investigated. Moreover, the emergency control and bypass control strategies of SP-PFC are developed. On this basis, the mathematical model of SP-PFC in different fault stages is derived. With the equivalent model of SP-PFC, the fault current of the MVDC distribution network can be calculated accurately. A simulation model of the MVDC distribution network containing SP-PFC is established in MATLAB/Simulink. The fault current calculation result is compared with the simulation result, and the effectiveness of the proposed coordination strategy is verified.

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“…However, power flow controllers are required to avoid that a cable gets overloaded. Furthermore, it is highlighted that selective short-circuit protection is one of the main challenges for meshed LVDC grids [15]. Fuses are used as back-up protection in [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuse-Based Short-Circuit Protection of Converter Controlled Low-Voltage DC Grids

Ravyts

Broeck

Hallemans

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

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Low Voltage DC microgrids emerge as a viable alternative to AC microgrids. A large research interest is noted towards fast and selective protection of DC grids, typically focusing on hybrid or full solid state solutions. In this paper, the use of fuses as short-circuit protection in Low Voltage DC microgrids is evaluated. The main advantage of fuses is that they are simple, cheap, standardized and have low steady state losses. A theoretical basis is formed to model DC short-circuit currents in grids with a limited short-circuit availability. The outcomes are applied to evaluate the possibilities of fuse protection in LVDC grids. It was found that fuses are an effective means of protection, although the required amount of capacitance at the output of the voltage balancing converter can be high, which impacts the total system cost. A fuse based protection strategy is presented that highlights the need for additional capacitance to clear faults compared to the necessary capacitance for system stability. An experimental setup was built to validate the claims.

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On the Protection of the Power Flow Control Converter in Meshed Low Voltage DC Networks

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Design criteria of solid‐state circuit breaker for low‐voltage microgrids

Design criteria of solid‐state circuit breaker for low‐voltage microgrids

Coordination Control of Power Flow Controller and Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker in MVDC Distribution Networks

Fuse-Based Short-Circuit Protection of Converter Controlled Low-Voltage DC Grids

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