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Cited by 6 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“…Because the segment-based reference frames are different (M A -B A ), these axis orientation expressions will also differ. For interpretive purposes, each vector can be reported as paired angles of axis inclination and deviation (Ball and Greiner 2008) that provide estimates of joint axis orientation useful for interpretation in biomechanical investigations. …”
Section: Interpreting Functional Alignment Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Because the segment-based reference frames are different (M A -B A ), these axis orientation expressions will also differ. For interpretive purposes, each vector can be reported as paired angles of axis inclination and deviation (Ball and Greiner 2008) that provide estimates of joint axis orientation useful for interpretation in biomechanical investigations. …”
Section: Interpreting Functional Alignment Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Vectors m and b describe the orientation of the AoR from the perspective of the individual segments and are themselves component vectors of their respective alignment matrices. These vectors are interpreted as paired angles of joint axis orientation in plane projection form (Ball and Greiner 2008). The alignment matrices are applied to J and yield …”
Section: Kinematic Assessmentsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Results demonstrate that the conventional estimates differ from the Euclidean and Riemannian estimates as the target b and g angles move away from 01. This can be visualized by considering the two angles used to define a point on the Earth's/sphere's surface (see Ball and Greiner, 2008). In looking at a ruled globe, two 101 latitude by 101 longitude ''squares'' are not similarly sized over the Earth's surface.…”
Section: The Angular Difference (Degrees) Between the Euclidean Dismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There have been attempts to adopt a standard order for {X, Y, Z} (Wu and Cavanagh, 1995) but no convention has been universally adopted (Sheehan and Mitiguy, 1999) and the sequence dependency is problematic (Cole et al, 1993). Even the spatial reporting of single joint axis obliquity is difficult to communicate (Ball and Greiner, 2008). Paralleling these decisions is the question of how one calculates summary statistics for a finite number of segment or joint orientations (R n , n ¼ 1,y,N).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For this reason, these direction cosine values are converted into angular expressions (See Table 3). Although several equally valid methods of angular expression are available (Ball and Greiner 2008), we choose to present these angles in the plane projection format. This format (see Figure 1) represents the type of angular values that would be obtained from goniometers as used in a clinical setting.…”
Section: A Sample Data Setmentioning
confidence: 99%