On the perpendicular scale of electron phase‐space holes

Franz, J. R.; Kintner, P. M.; Seyler, C. E.; Pickett, J. S.; Scudder, J. D.

doi:10.1029/1999gl010733

Cited by 100 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Similar measurements have been reported by other satellites in the polar cap and the plasma sheet boundary layer (e.g. Tsurutani et al, 1998;Cattell et al, 1999;Franz et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…(24) shows that the perpendicular width δ ⊥ needs to increase for a decreasing ratio e /ω e lest the slow azimuthal drift becomes comparable to the bounce. It has been pointed out (Franz et al, 2000) that the solitary potential structures measured along magnetic field lines at various distances from Earth appear more oblate the smaller e /ω e is. Inequality Eq.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling stretched solitary waves along magnetic field lines

Muschietti

Roth

Carlson

et al. 2002

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract.A model is presented for a new type of fast solitary waves which is observed in downward current regions of the auroral zone. The three-dimensional, coherent structures are electrostatic, have a positive potential, and move along the magnetic field lines with speeds on the order of the electron drift. Their parallel potential profile is flattened and cannot fit to the Gaussian shape used in previous work. We develop a detailed BGK model which includes a flattened potential and an assumed cylindrical symmetry around a centric magnetic field line. The model envisions concentric shells of trapped electrons slowly drifting azimuthally while bouncing back and forth in the parallel direction. The electron dynamics is analysed in terms of three basic motions that occur on different time scales characterized by the cyclotron frequency e , the bounce frequency ω b , and the azimuthal drift frequency ω γ . The ordering e ω b ω γ is required. Self-consistent distribution functions are calculated in terms of approximate constants of motion. Constraints on the parameters characterizing the amplitude and shape of the stretched solitary wave are discussed.

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“…Similar measurements have been reported by other satellites in the polar cap and the plasma sheet boundary layer (e.g. Tsurutani et al, 1998;Cattell et al, 1999;Franz et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling stretched solitary waves along magnetic field lines

Muschietti

Roth

Carlson

et al. 2002

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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“…The typical parallel size of holes observed by spacecraft [13,14,24] is nearly always a few Debye lengths. This is much narrower than the holes we have observed, which are roughly 60 λ D wide (FWHM) However, holes this wide are not theoretically forbidden: in fact, calculations show that holes become wide ( λ D ) when they move at high speeds (v hole ≈ v te ) [27].…”

Section: E Observation Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Franz et al [24] have presented a statistical study of the inferred parallel and perpendicular sizes of electron holes measured by the POLAR spacecraft. The critical parameter here is ω pe /ω ce , or equivalently, ρ e /λ D .…”

Section: E Observation Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of electron phase-space holes driven during magnetic reconnection in a laboratory plasma

et al. 2012

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This work presents detailed experimental observations of electron phase-space holes driven during magnetic reconnection events on the Versatile Toroidal Facility. The holes are observed to travel on the order of or faster than the electron thermal speed, and are of large size scale, with diameter of order 60 Debye lengths. In addition, they have 3-D spheroidal structure with approximately unity aspect ratio. We estimate the direct anomalous resistivity due to ion interaction with the holes and find it to be too small to affect the reconnection rate; however the holes may play a role in reining in a tail of accelerated electrons, and they indicate the presence of other processes in the reconnection layer, such as electron energization and electron beam formation.

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“…ESWs have been observed in the magnetotail by a few missions, most notably and first by Geotail (Matsumoto et al, 1994) in the far tail, followed by Polar (Franz et al, 1998(Franz et al, , 2000Cattell et al, 1999) in the near Earth plasma sheet and by Cluster in the mid-tail plasma sheet . They are observed in the data as isolated solitary pulses or sometimes as a series of several pulses (see Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic solitary waves in current layers: from Cluster observations during a super-substorm to beam experiments at the LAPD

Pickett

Chen

Santolı́k

et al. 2009

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. Electrostatic Solitary Waves (ESWs) have been observed by several spacecraft in the current layers of Earth's magnetosphere since 1982. ESWs are manifested as isolated pulses (one wave period) in the high time resolution waveform data obtained on these spacecraft. They are thus nonlinear structures generated out of nonlinear instabilities and processes. We report the first observations of ESWs associated with the onset of a super-substorm that occurred on 24 August 2005 while the Cluster spacecraft were located in the magnetotail at around 18-19 R E and moving northward from the plasma sheet to the lobes. These ESWs were detected in the waveform data of the WBD plasma wave receiver on three of the Cluster spacecraft. The majority of the ESWs were detected about 5 min after the super-substorm onset during which time 1) the PEACE electron instrument Correspondence to: J. S. Pickett (pickett@uiowa.edu) detected significant field-aligned electron fluxes from a few 100 eV to 3.5 keV, 2) the EDI instrument detected bursts of field-aligned electron currents, 3) the FGM instrument detected substantial magnetic fluctuations and the presence of Alfvén waves, 4) the STAFF experiment detected broadband electric and magnetic waves, ion cyclotron waves and whistler mode waves, and 5) CIS detected nearly comparable densities of H+ and O+ ions and a large tailward H+ velocity. We compare the characteristics of the ESWs observed during this event to those created in the laboratory at the University of California-Los Angeles Plasma Device (LAPD) with an electron beam. We find that the time durations of both space and LAPD ESWs are only slightly larger than the respective local electron plasma periods, indicating that electron, and not ion, dynamics are responsible for generation of the ESWs. We have discussed possible mechanisms for generating the ESWs in space, including the beam and kinetic Buneman type instabilities and the acoustic instabilities. Future studies will examine these mechanisms in more detail using Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union and the American Geophysical Union. 432 J. S. Pickett et al.: Electrostatic solitary waves in current layers the space measurements as inputs to models, and better relate the ESW space measurements to the laboratory through PIC code models.

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On the perpendicular scale of electron phase‐space holes

Abstract: Abstract. The perpendicular scale of electron phase-space holes is investigated using electric field data from the Po-

Cited by 100 publications

References 18 publications

Modeling stretched solitary waves along magnetic field lines

Modeling stretched solitary waves along magnetic field lines

Observations of electron phase-space holes driven during magnetic reconnection in a laboratory plasma

Electrostatic solitary waves in current layers: from Cluster observations during a super-substorm to beam experiments at the LAPD

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