On the efficiency of thick film capillary columns

Sandra, Patrick; Temmerman, I.; Verstappe, M.

doi:10.1002/jhrc.1240060909

Cited by 31 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…According to the data found in the papers of Ettre [lo], lngraham et a/. [l 11, and Sandra et al [12], a value of 0.3 cm2/s for D, seems reasonable. The term C then has the value of 1.8 cm/s'/*.…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 88%

Peak broadening in isothermal runs due to large retention gaps in capillary GC?

Grob¹

1984

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 88%

Peak broadening in isothermal runs due to large retention gaps in capillary GC?

Grob¹

1984

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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“…(7-9)), and (in megabore) to Ryder et al (10). Grob (11,12) was probably the first to achieve practical results with ultra-thick film columns, which were also considered by Jennings (13,14), by Sandra et al (15) and by Ettre (16,17).…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Capillary Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds

Takeoka

Ebeler

Jennings

1985

ACS Symposium Series

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High resolution fused silica capillary columns were used to examine, and in some cases to compare, flavor and aroma essences obtained by 1) direct headspace injection, 2) simultaneous steam distillation extraction, 3) standard Soxhlet extraction using dichloromethane, and 4) high pressure Soxhlet extraction using liquid CO 2 Developments in smaller-and larger-diameter fused silica open tubular columns, and columns coated with a bonded polyethylene glycol stationary phase were also explored.Gas chromatography remains our most powerful separation technique; probably because of this, it has become the most widely used of all analytical techniques. The major limitation to its application, of course, is that it is restricted to the separation of compounds which possess (or which can be derivitized to compounds which do possess) suitable vapor pressures, or "volatility".Volatility, however, is a necessary attribute of odorous compounds, and aroma exercises a profound influence on flavor.Hence, it is not surprising to find that gas chromatography has received a great deal of attention from the flavor chemist, and that many of the advances in gas chromatography have been made by those in the flavor field.The flavor chemist, however, faces a variety of complicating factors.Flavor is the integrated and highly subjective response of an individual to a number of different stimuli, while gas chromatography (at its best) merely differentiates some of the compounds present, only some of which serve as flavor stimuli. Flavor samples are often exceedingly complex, some of the constituents are unstable, and they may be differentially dispersed (via preferential solubility, adsorption, absorption) through heterogeneous matrices containing water, fats and oils, protein sols, and/or non-volatile solutes such as sugars and salts. These vagaries in distribution can disrupt (or re-enforce) synergistic and antagonistic interactions between flavor compounds and can also complicate their isolation for analysis.

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“…>500 jlm [9][10][11][12] respectively) and the preparation of capillary columns with stabie, very thick films of stationary phases (up to 10 jlm [13][14][15][16][17]). …”

Section: Presented At the Ninth International Symposiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Detector Systems in Capillary Gas Chromatography

Noij

Rijks

et al. 1988

J. High Resol. Chromatogr.

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SummaryExpressIons for the minimum detectabie amount 0 0 and the minimum analyte concentration Co as functlons of the chromatographic parameters are derlved for both mass and concentratlon sensltlve detectors. The effects of pressure drop, column inner diameter, and film thickness are given.The minimum analyte concentration for mass flow sensitlve detectors, Cam, can be reduced conslderably by selecting the carrier gas velocity weil above lts optimum value (related to Hml n ), however, at the cost of long columns and long analysis times. For 0 0 the improvements can be neglected, and 80 the analysis can best be performed at Uopt.When the flow rate In the detector, F d, is equal to the column flow rate F c, the maximum permissible detector volume of concentration sensitlve detectors is proportional to d c 2 up to d c 3 , and so narrow bore columns requlre detectors of extremely sm all volume. Make-up gas has to be added when the actual volume is too large, th us worsening the detectability. Another approaCh, vacuum operation of the detector cell, appears to be very attractive. On the other hand, when wide bore columns are used in comblnation with smaU volume concentration sensltive detectors, very smaU values of Qoc and Coc are obtalnable when the abundant carrier gas can be removed betare entering the detector cell.Digital nolse filtering can furtherreducethe obtalnable 0 0 and Co values, especially for broad peaks and thus for wide bore columns.

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On the efficiency of thick film capillary columns

Cited by 31 publications

References 4 publications

Peak broadening in isothermal runs due to large retention gaps in capillary GC?

Peak broadening in isothermal runs due to large retention gaps in capillary GC?

Capillary Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Volatile Flavor Compounds

Detector Systems in Capillary Gas Chromatography

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