On Optimizing VLC Networks for Downlink Multi-User Transmission: A Survey

Obeed, Mohanad; Salhab, Anas M.; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim; Zummo, Salam A.

doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2906225

Cited by 186 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 242 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

101

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several survey papers have been reported over the past few years in the literature on VLC-related technologies [26]- [38]. However, a comprehensive and comparative study on securing VLC systems, at least from a PLS perspective, is still missing.…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Arfaoui

Soltani

Tavakkolnia

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Due to the dramatic increase in high data rate services and in order to meet the demands of the fifth-generation (5G) networks, researchers from both academia and industry are exploring advanced transmission techniques, new network architectures and new frequency spectrum such as the visible light and the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectra. Visible light communication (VLC) particularly is an emerging technology that has been introduced as a promising solution for 5G and beyond, owing to the large unexploited spectrum, which translates to significantly high data rates. Although VLC systems are more immune against interference and less susceptible to security vulnerabilities since light does not penetrate through walls, security issues arise naturally in VLC channels due to their open and broadcasting nature, compared to fiber-optic systems. In addition, since VLC is considered to be an enabling technology for 5G, and security is one of the 5G fundamental requirements, security issues should be carefully addressed and resolved in the VLC context. On the other hand, due to the success of physical layer security (PLS) in improving the security of radio-frequency (RF) wireless networks, extending such PLS techniques to VLC systems has been of great interest. Only two survey papers on security in VLC have been published in the literature. However, a comparative and unified survey on PLS for VLC from information theoretic and signal processing point of views is still missing. This paper covers almost all aspects of PLS for VLC, including different channel models, input distributions, network configurations, precoding/signaling strategies, and secrecy capacity and information rates. Furthermore, we propose a number of timely and open research directions for PLS-VLC systems, including the application of measurement-based indoor and outdoor channel models, incorporating user mobility and device orientation into the channel model, and combining VLC and RF systems to realize the potential of such technologies.

show abstract

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Arfaoui

Soltani

Tavakkolnia

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To protect data security, the classic encryption based on RSA algorithms is being challenged by increasingly powerful computers [57]. PHY security technologies and quantum key distribution via visible light communications (VLC) would be the solutions to the data security challenge in 6G [58]- [60]. More advanced quantum computing and quantum communication technologies might also be deployed to provide intensive protection against various cyber attacks [61].…”

Section: A High Security Secrecy and Privacymentioning

confidence: 99%

What should 6G be?

Dang¹,

Amin²,

Shihada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the standardization of fifth generation (5G) communications has been completed, and the 5G network will be commercially launched in 2020, the research visioning and planning of sixth generation (6G) communications are being initiated. 6G communications are expected to be the next focus in wireless communication and networking and aim to provide remarkable communication services to meet the future demands in the 2030s. We believe that the human-centric mobile communications will still be the most important application of 6G and 6G network should be human-centric. Following this rationale, high security, secrecy, and privacy are the all-important features of 6G, which shall be paid special attention from the wireless research community. To promote the research and the human-centric design ideology for 6G communications, we imagine in this article a comprehensive and systematic framework of 6G with five slices, key features, and enabling technologies. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the issues of 6G beyond communication technologies. Overall, the article aims to provide an envisioned picture of 6G and serve as a research guideline in the post-5G era.To promote this research and design ideology for 6G communications, we imagine a comprehensive and systematic framework of 6G in this article. Specifically, we first anticipate the potential application scenarios of 6G and propose five supporting slices in 6G. Following that, we summarize the key features of 6G with enabling communication technologies. Furthermore, we also briefly discuss issues beyond the communication technologies that might significantly affect the research and deployment of 6G in the 2030s. Overall, we aim to write this article to provide an envisioned picture of 6G and introduce it as a research guideline in the post-5G era. I. BACKGROUNDBefore detailing our own thoughts, we first present the background to justify our motives, which covers the retrospect of the network evolution from 1G to 4G, the 5G status quo, and the current research progress towards 6G. A. Brief Retrospect of the Network Evolution from 1G to 4GWireless communication stems from Marconi's pioneering demonstration of wireless telegraphy in the nineteenth century and was theoretically constructed based on information theory formed by Shannon in 1948. In the 1980s, the 1G analogue wireless cellular network was in use to allow mobile communications of voice, which was then replaced by the 2G digital cellular network in the early 1990s. Because of digitalization, 2G was capable of providing encrypted services and data services in addition to the traditional voice services, e.g., short messaging service (SMS). Walking into the twenty-first century, 3G, represented by wideband CDMA (WCDMA), CDMA2000, time-division synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA), and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), enabled various data services, including Internet access, video calls, and mobile television [8]. In 4G/Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks initialized in 2009, multiple-input and multip...

show abstract

“…This is especially the case because of the scarcity of the available radio-frequency (RF) spectrum due to ultra-dense network deployment. VLC technology uses the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is completely untapped, safe, free, and provides a high potential bandwidth for wireless data transmission, while also rejecting the existing RF interference [2], [3].…”

Section: A Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, maximizing the achievable sum-rate is investigated widely in the literature of wireless networks [17], [18], and in VLC systems [19], [20]. Due to LEDs limited coverage and failure to operate in non-LoS environments, maximizing the sum-rate in VLC systems is intrinsically different from the one considered in RF-based systems, as VLC systems often impose additional systems constraints, e.g., handover overhead [21], blockage probability [22], users distribution in the floor area [10], users' field-of-view (FoV) alignments [2], and fractional-frequency reuse [23]. For instance, one of the effective solutions for addressing VLC coverage and blockage issues is considered in [16], which proposes deploying multiple cooperative distributed APs so to simultaneously serve multiple users, a scenario that is partially adopted in this current paper which considers simultaneously serving both IUs and EHUs.…”

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

DC-Bias and Power Allocation in Cooperative VLC Networks for Joint Information and Energy Transfer

Obeed

Dahrouj

Salhab

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visible light communications (VLC) have emerged as strong candidates for meeting the escalating demand for high data rates. Consider a VLC network, where multiple access-points (APs) serve both energy-harvesting users (EHUs), i.e., users which harvest energy from light intensity, and information-users (IUs), i.e., users which gather data information. In order to jointly balance the achievable sum-rate at the IUs and the energy harvested by the EHUs, the paper considers maximizing a network-wide utility, which consists of a weighted-sum of the IUs sum-rate and the EHUs harvestedenergy, subject to individual IU rate constraint, individual EHU harvested-energy constraint, and AP power constraints, so as to jointly determine the direct current (DC)-bias value at each AP, and the users powers. The paper solves such a difficult non-convex optimization problem using an iterative approach which relies on inner convex approximations, and compensates for the used approximations using proper outer-loop updates. The paper further considers solving the special cases of the problem, i.e., maximizing the sum-rate, and maximizing the total harvested-energy, both subject to the same constraints. Numerical results highlight the significant performance improvement of the proposed algorithms, and illustrate the impacts of the network parameters on the performance trade-off between the sum-rate and harvested-energy.

show abstract

On Optimizing VLC Networks for Downlink Multi-User Transmission: A Survey

Cited by 186 publications

References 242 publications

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

Physical Layer Security for Visible Light Communication Systems: A Survey

What should 6G be?

DC-Bias and Power Allocation in Cooperative VLC Networks for Joint Information and Energy Transfer

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About