On-demand routing in large ad hoc wireless networks with passive clustering

Energy efficient algorithm for swarmed sensors networks

“…The use of clusters for transmitting data to a base station leverages the advantages of small transmit distances for most nodes, requiring only a few nodes to transmit far distances to the base station. Clustering means to partition the network into a number of independent clusters, each of which has a cluster-head that collects data from all nodes within its cluster [17,20]. These cluster-heads then compress the data and send it directly to the sink.…”

Wireless Sensor Networks for Surveillance Applications – A Comparative Survey of MAC Protocols

“…PACT uses adaptive duty cycles with respect to the traffic load. It uses passive clustering [7] in which a small number of nodes participating in the data forwarding are called cluster heads and gateways (see Figure 4). These nodes are elected with respect to their energy level.…”

ACE: An Emergent Algorithm for Highly Uniform Cluster Formation

“…Examples of node ID based clustering protocols include [1,2,5,9,17].Basagni proposes a node degree based clustering protocols [4]. Some researchers propose using a random number as a heuristic for cluster-head selection [8,12,18,25]. Estin et al propose using the remaining energy level of a node as another heuristic for cluster-head selection [6].…”