On an SEIR Epidemic Model with Vaccination of Newborns and Periodic Impulsive Vaccination with Eventual On-Line Adapted Vaccination Strategies to the Varying Levels of the Susceptible Subpopulation

Abstract

This paper investigates a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) epidemic model with demography under two vaccination effort strategies. Firstly, the model is investigated under vaccination of newborns, which is fact in a direct action on the recruitment level of the model. Secondly, it is investigated under a periodic impulsive vaccination on the susceptible in the sense that the vaccination impulses are concentrated in practice in very short time intervals around a set of impulsive time instants subject to constant inter-vaccination periods. Both strategies can be adapted, if desired, to the time-varying levels of susceptible in the sense that the control efforts be increased as those susceptible levels increase. The model is discussed in terms of suitable properties like the positivity of the solutions, the existence and allocation of equilibrium points, and stability concerns related to the values of the basic reproduction number. It is proven that the basic reproduction number lies below unity, so that the disease-free equilibrium point is asymptotically stable for larger values of the disease transmission rates under vaccination controls compared to the case of absence of vaccination. It is also proven that the endemic equilibrium point is not reachable if the disease-free one is stable and that the disease-free equilibrium point is unstable if the reproduction number exceeds unity while the endemic equilibrium point is stable. Several numerical results are investigated for both vaccination rules with the option of adapting through ime the corresponding efforts to the levels of susceptibility. Such simulation examples are performed under parameterizations related to the current SARS-COVID 19 pandemic.

A two-phase stochastic dynamic model for COVID-19 mid-term policy recommendations in Greece: a pathway towards mass vaccination

“…The first strategy is to minimize the number of people infected during the course of treatment whereas the second considers that the sum of affected individuals and the prescribed vaccine concentration should be reduced together during the control effort. Finally, in [14] the authors assess two vaccination strategies i.e. newborns vaccination and voluntary vaccination.…”

Cyber Physical Systems Dependability Using CPS-IOT Monitoring

“…Since its inception, the original SIR-type framework has been adapted and used to solve problems in various domains including network problems [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. More recently, it has been used in the prediction of the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ] and the impact of vaccination to achieve herd immunity [ 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

A Two-Phase Stochastic Dynamic Model for COVID-19 Mid-Term Policy Recommendations in Greece: A Pathway towards Mass Vaccination

“…The first strategy is to minimize the number of people infected during treatment whereas the second considers that the sum of affected individuals and the prescribed vaccine concentration should be reduced together during the control effort. Finally, in [ 17 ] the authors assess two vaccination strategies, newborns vaccination and voluntary vaccination.…”